The main purpose of this work was to synthesize ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) in situ into a chitosan (CS) matrix to obtain highly dispersed antibacterial composites by the sol–gel technique. These composites were characterized by their thermal, structural, morphological and optical properties. NPs were subsequently used and added into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in order to obtain electrospun fibers. Previously, it was determined the adequate PVA/CS ratio and changes in their morphological features in dependence of molecular weight of PVA and electrospinning parameters to avoid the beads and spindle-like defects in the final fibers. Then, optimal conditions were used to fabricate PVA/in situ ZnO:CS nanofiber composites. The hydrogen bonding interaction governs the ZnO:CS system, which forms a combination between flower-type and agglomerated rod morphologies. It was found that CS promotes the crystallinity of ZnO NPs maintaining the hexagonal phase. The addition of ZnO into the CS matrix was performed via weak interactions by stabilizing the hybrid compound after the second decomposition stage when the mass loss is above 50%. Free-defects uniform fibers with an improvement in hardness as well as in the elastic modulus was obtained in the electrospun PVA/in situ ZnO:CS fibers. The presence of ZnO NPs improves the spinnability in the fiber nanocomposites with an average diameter of 223 nm. PVA/in situ ZnO:CS mats displayed an inhibition of bacterial growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

这项工作的主要目的是通过溶胶-凝胶技术将ZnO纳米颗粒（NPs）原位合成到壳聚糖（CS）基质中以获得高度分散的抗菌复合材料。这些复合材料的特征在于其热，结构，形态和光学性质。随后使用NP并将其加入聚乙烯醇（PVA）中以获得电纺纤维。以前，已经确定了适当的PVA / CS比以及它们的形态特征的变化取决于PVA的分子量和电纺丝参数，以避免最终纤维中的珠粒和纺锤状缺陷。然后，使用最佳条件制造PVA /原位ZnO：CS纳米纤维复合材料。氢键相互作用控制ZnO：CS系统，该系统在花型和团聚的棒状形态之间形成组合。发现CS促进了保持六方相的ZnO NP的结晶性。当质量损失超过50％时，通过在第二个分解阶段后稳定杂化化合物，可通过弱相互作用将ZnO添加到CS基质中。在电纺PVA /原位ZnO：CS纤维中获得了具有硬度和弹性模量提高的自由缺陷的均匀纤维。ZnO NPs的存在改善了平均直径为223 nm的纤维纳米复合材料的可纺性。PVA /原位ZnO：CS席子对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的细菌生长具有抑制作用。