The removal of organic pollutants from water environments is a challenging problem. Fe-based BC (Fe-BC) composites are promising catalysts for generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) for environmental remediation considering their low costs and excellent physicochemical surface characteristics. The synthesis methods, properties, applications, and the mechanism of Fe-BC for removing pollutants are reviewed. Various methods have been used to prepare Fe-BC composites, and the synthetic methods and conditions used affect the properties of the Fe-BC material, thereby influencing its pollutant removal performance. The mechanisms of pollutant removal by Fe-BC are intricate and include adsorption, degradation and reduction. Fe loading on BC could improve the performance of BC by affecting its surface area, surface functional groups and electron transfer rate. Moreover, research gaps and uncertainties that exist in the use of Fe-BC were identified. Finally, the problems that need to be solved to make Fe-BC suitable for future applications are described.

从水环境中去除有机污染物是一个具有挑战性的问题。铁基BC（Fe-BC）复合材料具有低成本和出色的物理化学表面特性，是产生用于环境修复的活性氧（ROS）的有前途的催化剂。综述了Fe-BC的合成方法，性能，应用及机理。已经使用了各种方法来制备Fe-BC复合材料，并且所使用的合成方法和条件影响Fe-BC材料的性能，从而影响其污染物去除性能。Fe-BC去除污染物的机制很复杂，包括吸附，降解和还原。铁负载在BC上可以通过影响BC的表面积来改善BC的性能，表面官能团和电子转移速率。此外，还发现了使用Fe-BC时存在的研究空白和不确定性。最后，描述了使Fe-BC适合未来应用所需解决的问题。