The existing studies on the association between the decline in handgrip strength (HGS) and poor sleep are uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the independent association between HGS and sleep quality assessed by global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score in the middleaged and elderly population. Data were obtained from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study, a longitudinal study including 1255 middleaged and elderly individuals. Linear regression and logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association of HGS with global PSQI score. A total of 1142 (aged 42–84) individuals were included in this study. Their median age was 54.0 years old, and 496 of them were male. After fully controlling for confounding factors, including socio-demographic, hematologic and other relevant factors, linear regression analysis showed that HGS (− 0.024 [− 0.040–0.007], P = 0.004) was negatively associated with global PSQI score. Logistic regression analysis showed that lower HGS (0.574 [0.342–0.964], P = 0.002) was associated with poorer sleep quality (global PSQI score > 5). Sensitivity analysis furthermore showed that the association between lower HGS and poor sleep quality was not affected by hypnotics use. The results of this study showed that lower HGS was independently associated with poor sleep quality among middle-aged and elderly people from the United States. Future longitudinal and interventional studies are warranted to assess whether elevated HGS may improve sleep quality.

现有的关于握力下降（HGS）与不良睡眠之间关系的研究尚不确定。这项研究旨在评估中老年人群中HGS与睡眠质量之间的独立关联性，该指数由匹兹堡全球睡眠质量指数（PSQI）评分评估。数据来自美国中年（MIDUS）研究，这项纵向研究包括1255名中年和老年人。进行线性回归和逻辑回归分析以检验HGS与整体PSQI评分的关联。这项研究共包括1142（42-84岁）个人。他们的中位年龄是54.0岁，其中496是男性。在完全控制混杂因素（包括社会人口统计学，血液学和其他相关因素）后，P  = 0.004）与整体PSQI得分负相关。Logistic回归分析显示，较低的HGS（0.574 [0.342–0.964]，P  = 0.002）与较差的睡眠质量有关（全球PSQI评分> 5）。敏感性分析还表明，较低的HGS与睡眠质量差之间的关联不受催眠药使用的影响。这项研究的结果表明，来自美国的中年和老年人的HGS降低与睡眠质量差独立相关。有必要进行进一步的纵向和介入研究来评估HGS升高是否可以改善睡眠质量。