With the weakening role of the World Trade Organization multilateral trading system, the globalization pattern is moving toward regional economic integration. As a result, the number of regional trade agreements (RTAs) has rapidly increased. New trends in international economics and trade, such as the withdrawal of the US from the Trans‐Pacific Partnership and the trade disputes between the US and China, have revealed the intention of the developed countries represented by the US to reshape the direction of globalization. This paper combines the relevant research conclusions and current stylized facts to examine the evolution and reshaping of globalization. We find that: (i) countries have different attitudes toward the recent round of globalization, which are related to changes in the patterns of income distribution within countries caused by the last round of globalization; and (ii) regional economic development is an effective way to reshape globalization. The self‐strengthening effect of the hub country in the trade network has promoted global RTA expansion.

中文翻译：

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全球化的演变与重塑：基于区域贸易协定发展的视角

随着世界贸易组织多边贸易体系作用的减弱，全球化模式正在朝着区域经济一体化的方向发展。结果，区域贸易协定（RTA）的数量迅速增加。国际经济和贸易的新趋势，例如美国退出跨太平洋伙伴关系协定以及中美之间的贸易争端，都显示出以美国为代表的发达国家有意重塑全球化方向。本文结合了相关的研究结论和当前的典型事实，以考察全球化的演变和重塑。我们发现：（i）各国对最近一轮全球化有不同的态度，与上一轮全球化导致的国家内部收入分配方式的变化有关；（ii）区域经济发展是重塑全球化的有效途径。枢纽国在贸易网络中的自我强化效应促进了全球RTA的扩展。