Following a series of transformative political and legal battles, California's overcrowded prison system has moved in the direction of moderate decarceration. A softer stance on punishment means that thousands of previously ineligible inmates serving indeterminate sentences are now being considered for release on parole. Drawing on ethnographic observations of twenty parole hearings in one California men's prison, this study outlines how rehabilitation has come to be enmeshed in a logic of punitivity, as parole commissioners subject inmates to an individualizing gaze that misrecognizes the socially embedded nature of their performance. Parole commissioners are tasked with assessing dangerousness, deploying a multifaceted conception of risk that combines formalized actuarial instruments and evaluative judgments to form the inchoate and contradictory notion of “insight.” Inmates are expected to demonstrate this if they are to be released, but what is insight? Parole boards assume that it is a valid indicator of future behavior and probable recidivism, and parole commissioners posit that successful inmates will be capable of demonstrating authentic remorse and insight, unimpeded by the constraints of an austere and dangerous carceral environment. However, the discretionary criteria established by the penal system are limited by the deleterious living conditions established by this same penal system.

中文翻译：

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假释听证会的危险：加利福尼亚州的生命，行为上的劣势和洞察力意识形态

经过一系列变革性的政治和法律斗争，加利福尼亚人满为患的监狱系统已朝着适度地被监禁的方向发展。较宽松的惩罚态度意味着成千上万以前没有资格服刑的囚犯正在考虑假释。利用人种学观察在一所加利福尼亚州男性监狱中进行的二十次假释听证会上，本研究概述了如何在惩罚性逻辑中融入康复，因为假释专员使囚犯遭受个人化的凝视，从而误认了其表演的社会内在本质。假释专员的任务是评估危险性，运用多方面的风险概念，将正规化的精算工具和评估判断相结合，以形成“洞察力”的早期和矛盾概念。如果要释放囚犯，他们应该证明这一点，但是有什么见识？假释委员会认为，这是未来行为和可能再犯的有效指标，假释委员认为，成功的囚犯将能够表现出真实的re悔和见识，不受严峻和危险的监狱环境的限制。但是，刑法制度所确立的酌处标准受到该刑法制度所建立的有害生活条件的限制。但是什么是洞察力？假释委员会认为，这是未来行为和可能再犯的有效指标，假释委员认为，成功的囚犯将能够表现出真实的re悔和见识，不受严峻和危险的监狱环境的限制。但是，刑法制度所确立的酌处标准受到该刑法制度所建立的有害生活条件的限制。但是什么是洞察力？假释委员会认为，这是未来行为和可能再犯的有效指标，假释委员认为，成功的囚犯将能够表现出真实的re悔和见识，不受严峻和危险的监狱环境的限制。但是，刑法制度所确立的酌处标准受到该刑法制度所建立的有害生活条件的限制。