ABSTRACT

The Norwegian urban growth agreement (UGA) is a governance platform combining transport-infrastructure development with land-use and transport policy. It is a policy package of measures involving network cooperation between national, regional and local government levels established to coordinate transport and land-use development. Shared responsibility for goal achievement, autonomy and learning and adaptation as new knowledge and experience arise are clear prerequisites for the UGAs. This makes it relevant to investigate the conditions for the UGAs to work as an adaptive governance strategy because their central features are in line with the attributes of adaptive governance. Further, adaptive governance is an approach to handle complex problems like transport development issues. The study shows that UGAs have several strengths in terms of autonomy and learning. However, the multi-level cooperation in the UGAs is framed by complex underlying structures of roles and powers, which challenge the working and legitimacy of the governance structures. Multi-level adaptive governance processes like the UGAs require attention to issues of power and legitimacy. Securing transparency and democratic anchorage is paramount in bringing such processes in line with the intended benefits of adaptive governance.

摘要

挪威城市增长协议（UGA）是一个将交通基础设施发展与土地利用和交通政策结合起来的治理平台。这是一揽子政策措施，涉及在国家，地区和地方政府各级之间建立网络合作，以协调运输和土地利用的发展。随着新知识和新经验的出现，实现目标，自主权，学习和适应的共同责任是UGA的明确前提。由于UGA的主要特征与自适应治理的属性一致，因此研究UGA作为自适应治理策略的条件非常重要。此外，适应性治理是一种处理诸如运输发展问题之类的复杂问题的方法。研究表明，UGA在自治和学习方面具有多项优势。但是，UGA中的多层次合作以角色和权力的复杂基础结构为框架，这挑战了治理结构的工作和合法性。诸如UGA之类的多级适应性治理流程需要关注权力和合法性问题。确保透明度和民主锚固是使此类程序与适应性治理的预期利益保持一致的首要条件。