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Gender Bias in Medical Implant Design and Use: A Type of Moral Aggregation Problem?
Hypatia: A Journal of Feminist Philosophy ( IF 1.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-07-16 , DOI: 10.1111/hypa.12483
Katrina Hutchison

In this article, I describe how gender bias can affect the design, testing, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and clinical use of implantable devices. I argue that bad outcomes experienced by women patients are a cumulative consequence of small biases and inattention at various points of the design, testing, and regulatory process. However, specific instances of inattention and bias can be difficult to identify, and risks are difficult to predict. This means that even if systematic gender bias in implant design is an ethical issue, it is one with no clearly blameworthy player. From a practical perspective, there is no single obvious point at which to intervene. Philosophers working in other areas have explored structurally similar moral problems—sometimes referred to as “moral aggregation problems”—such as the type of environmental harm caused by small actions of many players. I describe key features of these type of problems and strategies to address them. I then draw on these to suggest an approach to gender bias in medical implant design and use.

中文翻译:

医疗植入物设计和使用中的性别偏见:一种道德聚集问题?

在本文中,我描述了性别偏见如何影响植入式设备的设计,测试,临床试验,法规批准和临床使用。我认为女性患者经历的不良结果是在设计,测试和监管过程的各个阶段出现小偏差和注意力不集中的累积结果。但是,注意力不集中和偏见的具体情况可能很难识别,风险也很难预测。这意味着,即使在植入物设计中出现系统的性别偏见是一个道德问题,也没有明显的罪魁祸首。从实践的角度来看,没有一个明显的干预点。在其他领域工作的哲学家们探索了结构上相似的道德问题,有时被称为“道德聚集问题”,例如由许多参与者的小小的行动所造成的环境损害类型。我描述了这类问题的关键特征以及解决这些问题的策略。然后,我将利用这些内容提出一种在医疗植入物设计和使用中解决性别偏见的方法。
更新日期:2019-07-16
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