We have evaluated a Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer (JAWS) in the voltage range from $1~\mu \text{V}$ to 1 mV at frequencies from 60 to 1000 Hz for the use in the calibration of lock-in amplifiers. The uncertainty contribution from the JAWS system is 45 nV for 1 mV at 1000 Hz and $k=2.0$ . We anticipate that the JAWS will help extend the lower voltage and frequency range of ac voltage metrology and improve the uncertainties by one order of magnitude compared to conventional techniques.

中文翻译：

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用于校准锁相放大器的低压约瑟夫森任意波形合成器的评估

我们评估了约瑟夫森任意波形合成器 (JAWS)，其电压范围为 $1~\mu \text{V}$在 60 至 1000 Hz 频率下可达 1 mV，用于校准锁定放大器。JAWS 系统的不确定性贡献为 45 nV（1 mV、1000 Hz 时） $k=2.0$。我们预计 JAWS 将有助于扩展交流电压计量的较低电压和频率范围，并将不确定性比传统技术提高一个数量级。