Circadian rhythms are evolutionarily conserved anticipatory systems that allow the host to prepare and respond to threats in its environment. This article summarizes a European Biological Rhythms Society (EBRS) workshop held in July 2020 to review current knowledge of the interplay between the circadian clock and viral infections to inform therapeutic strategies against SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. A large body of work supports the role of the circadian clock in regulating various aspects of viral replication, host responses, and associated pathogenesis. We review the evidence describing the multifaceted role of the circadian clock, spanning host susceptibility, antiviral mechanisms, and host resilience. Finally, we define the most pressing research questions and how our knowledge of chronobiology can inform key translational research priorities.

昼夜节律是进化保守的预期系统，使宿主能够准备并应对周围环境中的威胁。本文总结了2020年7月举行的欧洲生物节律学会（EBRS）讲习班，以回顾当前关于昼夜节律与病毒感染之间相互作用的知识，以指导针对SARS-CoV-2和COVID-19的治疗策略。大量工作支持了生物钟在调节病毒复制，宿主反应和相关发病机制各个方面的作用。我们审查了描述昼夜节律时钟的多方面作用的证据，涵盖了宿主的敏感性，抗病毒机制和宿主的适应力。最后，我们定义了最紧迫的研究问题，以及我们的时间生物学知识如何为关键的翻译研究重点提供信息。