Despite the large amount of knowledge accumulated, a precise understanding of the morphogenesis of the intricate and complex pollen walls (exines) is incomplete. A new factor (simple physico-chemical interactions) is shown to be involved in exine development. The stages of exine development in many species show remarkable similarity with successive micellar self-assembling mesophases of a colloidal system. Currently, > 100 genes have been reported to play a role in exine deposition, but nothing contradicts the view that specific patterns of exines are based on physico-chemical principles of space-filling operations taking place after genomic control of the concentrations of the source materials. On the examples of Chloranthus japonicus, magnoliids and other early-diverging angiosperms we show that exine development unfolds by two physico-chemical processes (phase separation and self-assembly) after genomic control, revealing an interplay between genomic and physical processes.

中文翻译：

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发育的基本机制：日本金藻的花粉壁发育和对被子植物早期分化谱系中花粉发育的重新考虑

尽管积累了大量知识，但对复杂而复杂的花粉壁（外壁）的形态发生的精确理解仍不完全。一个新的因素（简单的物理化学相互作用）被证明与外在发育有关。在许多物种中，外在发育的阶段与胶体系统的连续胶束自组装中间相显示出惊人的相似性。目前，据报道有超过100个基因在外泌体沉积中起作用，但是没有观点认为外泌体的特定模式基于对基因组物质浓度进行基因组控制后进行的空间填充操作的物理化学原理。以日本金藻为例，木兰和其他早期分化的被子植物表明，外显子的发育通过基因组控制后的两个物理化学过程（相分离和自组装）展开，揭示了基因组过程和物理过程之间的相互作用。