This study presents an integrated modeling system for the evaluation of the quantity and quality of water resources of coastal agricultural watersheds. The modeling system consists of coupled and interrelated models, including (i) a surface hydrology model (UTHBAL), (ii) a groundwater hydrology model (MODFLOW), (iii) a crop growth/nitrate leaching model (REPIC, an R-ArcGIS-based EPIC model), (iv) a groundwater contaminant transport model (MT3DMS), and (v) a groundwater seawater intrusion model (SEAWAT). The efficacy of the modeling system to simulate the quantity and quality of water resources has been applied to the Almyros basin in Thessaly, Greece. It is a coastal agricultural basin with irrigated and intensified agriculture facing serious groundwater problems, such as groundwater depletion, nitrate pollution, and seawater intrusion. Irrigation demands were estimated for the main crops cultivated in the area, based on precipitation and temperature from regional weather stations. The models have been calibrated and validated against time-series of observed crop yields, groundwater table observations, and observed concentrations of nitrates and chlorides. The results indicate that the modeling system simulates the water resources quantity and quality with increased accuracy. The proposed modeling system could be used as a tool for the simulation of water resources management and climate change scenarios.

中文翻译：

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沿海农业流域水资源评估的综合建模系统：在希腊色萨利Almyros盆地的应用

这项研究提出了一个综合建模系统，用于评估沿海农业流域的水资源数量和质量。该建模系统由耦合和相互关联的模型组成，包括（i）地表水文模型（UTHBAL），（ii）地下水水文模型（MODFLOW），（iii）作物生长/硝酸盐淋失模型（REPIC，R-ArcGIS） （基于EPIC的模型），（iv）地下水污染物迁移模型（MT3DMS）和（v）地下水海水入侵模型（SEAWAT）。模拟系统的有效性，以模拟水资源的数量和质量，已应用于希腊色萨利的Almyros盆地。这是一个沿海农业流域，灌溉农业和集约化农业面临严重的地下水问题，例如地下水枯竭，硝酸盐污染和海水入侵。根据区域气象站的降水量和温度，估算了该地区主要农作物的灌溉需求。该模型已根据观测到的农作物产量，地下水位观测值以及观测到的硝酸盐和氯化物浓度的时间序列进行了校准和验证。结果表明，该建模系统对水资源的数量和质量进行了仿真，提高了精度。所提出的建模系统可以用作模拟水资源管理和气候变化情景的工具。并观察到硝酸盐和氯化物的浓度。结果表明，该建模系统对水资源的数量和质量进行了仿真，提高了精度。所提出的建模系统可以用作模拟水资源管理和气候变化情景的工具。并观察到硝酸盐和氯化物的浓度。结果表明，该建模系统对水资源的数量和质量进行了仿真，提高了精度。所提出的建模系统可以用作模拟水资源管理和气候变化情景的工具。