This paper used the systematic generalised method of moments (SYS-GMM) to investigate the dynamic heterogeneous effects of renewable-energy technological progress (RETP) and fossil-fuel technological progress (FFTP) on the consumption of 10 metal materials from 1996 to 2016. The findings indicate strong evidence that the technological progress of the electric power industry exhibits a strong metal consumption effect. Specifically, both RETP and FFTP significantly increase the consumption of base metals such as iron, chromium, aluminium, copper, lead, nickel and zinc, while the consumption of critical metals such as indium, neodymium and dysprosium is mainly due to RETP. Additionally, we also found that RETP is the main contributor to metal consumption in the electric power industry in countries dominated by fossil fuel electric power generation. In contrast, in the group of countries dominated by renewable energy electric power generation, RETP and FFTP work together to increase the consumption of metal materials. The dynamic heterogeneous consumption effects of different types of technological progress on different types of metals in the electric power industry provide effective policy support for national low-carbon electric power supply and metal mineral resource security strategies.

本文使用系统的广义矩量法（SYS-GMM）研究了1996年至2016年间可再生能源技术进步（RETP）和化石燃料技术进步（FFTP）对10种金属材料消耗的动态异质影响。这些发现表明，有力的证据表明电力行业的技术进步表现出强大的金属消耗效应。具体来说，RETP和FFTP都会显着增加铁，铬，铝，铜，铅，镍和锌等贱金属的消耗，而铟，钕和等关键金属的消耗则主要来自RETP。此外，我们还发现，在以化石燃料发电为主导的国家中，RETP是电力工业中金属消耗的主要贡献者。相反，在以可再生能源发电为主导的国家中，RETP和FFTP共同努力以增加金属材料的消耗。电力行业不同类型技术进步对不同类型金属的动态异质性消费效应，为国家低碳电力供应和金属矿产资源安全战略提供了有效的政策支持。