This review aims to explore what I call the “Embodiment Cost Hypothesis” (ECH), according to which, when humans “embody” a part of the world other than their bodies, a measurable cost is detectable on their real bodies. The review analyzes experimental evidence in favor of the ECH by examining studies from different research fields, including studies of action observation (2), tool-use (3), rubber hand illusion (4), and full-body illusions (5). In light of this literature, this review argues that embodiment effects can profitably be seen as phenomena associated with both benefits (resulting from the embodiment of external objects/bodies) and costs (resulting from the disembodiment at various levels of the subject’s own body). Implications are discussed in relation to the ongoing debate on the embodied cognition (EC) approach.

这篇评论旨在探索我所说的“具身成本假设”（ECH），根据该假设，当人类“体现”世界的一部分而不是他们的身体时，可以在他们的真实身体上检测到可衡量的成本。该评论通过检查来自不同研究领域的研究来分析支持 ECH 的实验证据，包括对动作观察 (2)、工具使用 (3)、橡胶手错觉 (4) 和全身错觉 (5) 的研究。根据这些文献，本综述认为具身效应可以有利地被视为与利益（来自外部物体/身体的具身）和成本（来自主体自身身体各个层次的脱离）相关的现象。讨论了关于具身认知 (EC) 方法正在进行的辩论的影响。