ABSTRACT

Dere Street is the Roman road which ran north from Eboracum (York), crossing the Stanegate at Corbridge and continuing into what is now Scotland. The road served a military and economic purpose facilitating the transport of troops and trade north and south across the frontier zone. Here we present a well resolved palaeoenvironmental record within the Hadrianic-Antonine frontier zone that is tied directly to the archaeological evidence for Dere street. The evidence indicates limited woodland clearance during the Neolithic and Bronze Age followed by large scale woodland clearance at c. 890 BC, with woodland replaced by open grassland indicating that throughout the Iron Age land use was primarily pastoral. Dere Street was constructed in (AD 79–81) and when the Roman road builders arrived at Dun Law the landscape was largely open. Limited local timber resources meant that hazel scrub cover was probably used to construct the road with evidence to suggest that other timber resources were brought in from outside the site. The landscape at Dun Law was predominantly grazed during and post Roman occupation and there is some evidence for shifts in intensity of grazing from c. AD 950.

摘要

Dere Street是一条罗马公路，从Eboracum（约克）向北延伸，穿过Corbridge的Stanegate，一直延伸到现在的苏格兰。这条路具有军事和经济目的，便利了部队的运输和跨边界地区的南北贸易。在这里，我们展示了哈德良尼克-安东尼奥边境地区内一个完整解决的古环境记录，该记录与Dere街的考古证据直接相关。证据表明，在新石器时代和青铜时代，林地的清除受到限制，随后在c时发生了大规模的林地清除。公元前890年，林地被开阔的草原所取代，这表明整个铁器时代的土地利用主要是牧草。德里街（Dere Street）建于（公元79–81年），当罗马道路建设者抵达Dun Law时，景观大为开放。当地木材资源有限，这意味着榛树灌木覆盖层可能被用于修建道路，并有证据表明其他木材资源是从场地外部引入的。邓罗（Dun Law）的景观主要在罗马占领期间和之后被放牧，并且有一些证据表明放牧强度从c开始发生了变化。公元950年。