ABSTRACT

We analyzed the distribution and ecological relationships in the parasitic infracommunities of four species of the genus Hypostomus: Hypostomus regani, Hypostomus strigaticeps, Hypostomus hermanni, and Hypostomus ancistroides, collected in the Batalha River, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Twenty-four parasite taxa were identified among myxozoans, monogeneans, digeneans, nematodes, and hirudineans occurring in the gills, body surface, eyes, brain, and intestine. Monogeneans presented the highest species richness. The highest parasite prevalence was observed for ectoparasites in the Hypostomus spp. analyzed. Except for Phanerothecium sp., all parasites presented an aggregate pattern of distribution. In relation to parasitic diversity, H. regani presented higher mean values of diversity indexes, while H. hermanni presented higher values for the specific richness; equitability values were the same in all fish species analyzed. Infracommunities were most differentiated from one another (p < 0.05) between H. reganni and H. ancistroides. Standard length, body mass, and sex of Hypostomus spp. were significantly correlated (positively or negatively) with at least one parasite species. This study emphasizes the importance of the Batalha River as a source of local and regional biodiversity expanding the knowledge of ecological interactions between the parasite–host relationships of Siluriformes fish.

摘要

我们分析了 Hypostomus 属的四种寄生亚群落的分布和生态关系：Hypostomus regani、Hypostomus strigaceps、Hypostomus hermanni和Hypostomus ancistroides，采集于巴西圣保罗州巴塔利亚河。在发生在鳃、体表、眼睛、大脑和肠道中的粘液动物、单基因动物、双基因动物、线虫和水蛭动物中发现了 24 个寄生虫类群。Monogeneans 呈现出最高的物种丰富度。在Hypostomus spp中观察到外寄生虫的寄生虫流行率最高。分析了。除Phanerothecium sp. 外，所有寄生虫均呈现聚合分布模式。关于寄生多样性，H. regani多样性指数均值较高，H. hermanni特异性丰富度较高；公平值在所有分析的鱼类中都是相同的。在H. reganni和H. ancistroides之间，亚群落之间的差异最大 (p < 0.05) 。Hypostomus spp.的标准长度、体重和性别。与至少一种寄生虫物种显着相关（正或负）。本研究强调了巴塔利亚河作为当地和区域生物多样性来源的重要性，扩大了鲶形目鱼类寄生虫-宿主关系之间生态相互作用的知识。