Current knowledge on seismic analysis of underground structures is limited to analytical solutions, numerical methods and scaled model tests. Virtual hybrid simulation (VHS) is an efficient and economical analysis method that combines numerical approaches and experiment methods while taking the advantages of both. In this study, a VHS method employing a multi-axial experimental setup for seismic analysis of soil-structure systems is proposed and the corresponding VHS framework was developed using OpenFresco and OpenSees. To demonstrate the ability of the VHS method in accurately and efficiently capturing seismic behavior of underground structures, the proposed VHS method was applied to evaluate seismic response of the Daikai subway station, during which a good agreement was achieved when comparing the VHS results with those of the complete numerical simulation (CNS). Moreover, the advantages of the expanded multi-axial experimental setup in the proposed VHS method over the simplified single-DOF experimental setup are evaluated and discussed.

目前关于地下结构地震分析的知识仅限于分析解决方案，数值方法和比例模型测试。虚拟混合仿真（VHS）是一种既有效又经济的分析方法，它结合了数值方法和实验方法，同时充分利用了两者的优势。在这项研究中，提出了一种采用多轴实验装置进行土壤结构系统地震分析的VHS方法，并使用OpenFresco和OpenSees开发了相应的VHS框架。为了证明VHS方法能够准确有效地捕获地下结构的地震行为，将所提出的VHS方法用于评估Daikai地铁站的地震响应，在将VHS结果与完整数值模拟（CNS）结果进行比较时，可以很好地达成共识。此外，评估并讨论了所提出的VHS方法中扩展的多轴实验装置相对于简化的单自由度实验装置的优势。