Baicalin, baicalein, and wogonin are valuable natural flavonoid compounds produced by Scutellaria baicalensis. In this study, we showed that the maize transcription factor Lc can enhance the production of these three flavonoids in hairy root cultures of S. baicalensis by comprehensively upregulating flavonoid biosynthesis pathway genes (SbPAL1, SbC4H, and Sb4CL) and baicalein 7-O-glucuronosyltransferase (UBGAT), ultimately yielding total flavonoid contents of up to 80.5 ± 6.15 mg g⁻¹ dry weight, which was 322% greater than the average value of total flavonoid contents produced by three GUS-overexpressing lines. Similarly, the Arabidopsis transcription factor PAP1 was found to enhance flavonoid accumulation by upregulating SbPAL1, SbPAL2, SbPAL3, SbC4H, Sb4CL, SbCHI, and UBGAT, ultimately yielding total flavonoid contents of up to 133 ± 7.66 mg g⁻¹ dry weight, which was 532% greater than the average value of total flavonoid contents produced by three GUS-overexpressing lines. These findings indicate that metabolic engineering in S. baicalensis can be achieved using Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation and that the production of baicalin, baicalein, and wogonin can be enhanced via the overexpression of ZmLc and AtPAP1 in hairy root cultures. These results also indicate that ZmLc and AtPAP1 can be used as positive regulators of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway of S. baicalensis hairy root cultures.

黄芩苷、黄芩素和汉黄芩素是黄芩产生的有价值的天然黄酮类化合物。在这项研究中，我们发现玉米转录因子 Lc 可以增强这三种黄酮类化合物在S的毛状根培养物中的产生。黄芩通过全面上调类黄酮生物合成途径基因（SbPAL1、SbC4H和Sb4CL）和黄芩素 7 - O-葡萄糖醛酸基转移酶（UBGAT），最终产生高达 80.5 ± 6.15 mg g ^-1干重的总黄酮含量，增加了 322%高于三个GUS产生的总黄酮含量平均值-过度表达的线条。类似地，发现拟南芥转录因子 PAP1 通过上调SbPAL1、SbPAL2、SbPAL3、SbC4H、Sb4CL、SbCHI和 UBGAT 来增强黄酮类化合物的积累，最终产生高达 133 ± 7.66 mg g ^-1干重的总黄酮类化合物含量，这是比3个GUS过表达株系产生的总黄酮含量平均值高532% 。这些发现表明S中的代谢工程。黄芩可以使用发根农杆菌来实现介导的转化以及黄芩苷、黄芩素和汉黄芩苷的产生可以通过毛根培养物中ZmLc和AtPAP1的过表达来增强。这些结果还表明，ZmLc和AtPAP1可作为S黄酮类生物合成途径的正调节剂。黄芩毛状根培养物。