Establishing conclusive cortical activity dynamics from neuroimages and high dimensional neuronal data post-processing, such as scalp-EEG/ERP or its localized source data, is always challenging. For addressing this, we introduce LEDA, localized-EEG dynamics analyzer, offering our novel techniques, namely (1)the localized source activity to duration (LSAD) ratio that elegantly combines voxel activation with temporal information enabling a spatiotemporal condition comparison, (2)cortical region’s activation-duration summary generation, (3)anatomical dominance calculator, and (4)voxel activations’ GIF animation extraction feature. They effectively explore and quantify physiological spatiotemporal dynamics and provide insights more intuitive than EEG/ERP biomarkers. To demonstrate, we chose to study sensory gating deficits in schizophrenia for which the P50 wave biomarker is widely discussed. EEG response (64 channels@1 kHz) to auditory paired-click paradigm from 9 patients and 9 controls was processed to ERP. Source localization was achieved by using sLORETA, a widely-used source reconstruction algorithm. LSAD ratio of patients significantly differed from that of controls for the auditory cortical regions (p value < 0.05). It revealed that inhibitory alpha activity pattern was prominent in parietal, temporal and occipital lobe for controls and not patients. Conversely, the frontal lobe, specifically the middle frontal gyrus, was temporally the most active analogously across all subjects. LEDA also extracted that swift alpha activity exists between 100 and 300 ms time period. These derived results match with existing fMRI studies, speak beyond P50 wave suppression biomarker and emphasize that our methods successfully uncovered meaningful brain mechanisms at high spatiotemporal resolution. They are provided as an open-source MATLAB based toolbox for applicability to other neuronal pathological investigations.

从神经图像和高维神经元数据后处理（例如头皮EEG / ERP或其局部源数据）建立最终的皮层活动动态一直很困难。为了解决这个问题，我们介绍了LEDA本地化EEG动力学分析仪，它提供了我们的新技术，即（1）本地化源活动与持续时间（LSAD）的比率，将体素激活与时间信息完美地结合在一起，可以进行时空条件比较，（2）皮质区域的激活持续时间摘要生成，（3）解剖学优势计算器和（4）体素激活的GIF动画提取功能。他们有效地探索和量化了生理时空动态，并提供了比EEG / ERP生物标记更为直观的​​见解。展示，我们选择研究精神分裂症的感觉门控功能障​​碍，对此P50波生物标志物进行了广泛讨论。对来自9位患者和9位对照的听觉配对点击范例的EEG反应（64个通道@ 1 kHz）被处理为ERP。源定位是通过使用sLORETA（一种广泛使用的源重构算法）实现的。患者的LSAD比率与听觉皮层区域的对照明显不同（p值<0.05）。结果表明，对于对照而非患者，顶叶，颞叶和枕叶的抑制性α活性模式很明显。相反，在所有受试者中，额叶，特别是额中中枢在时间上是最活跃的。LEDA还提取出100到300毫秒之间存在快速的alpha活动。这些得出的结果与现有的fMRI研究相符，超出了P50波抑制生物标记物的范围，并强调我们的方法成功地揭示了高时空分辨率下有意义的大脑机制。它们作为基于MATLAB的开源工具箱提供，可应用于其他神经元病理学研究。