It has been demonstrated that sub-chronic exposure to air pollution containing nanoscale (˂100 nm) diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) may lead to excessive oxidative stress and neuro-inflammation in adult male mice. Hereby, we investigated the effects of DEPs on hippocampus-dependent spatial learning and neuro-inflammation and memory-related gene expression in male mice. In this study, we divided 48 adult NMRI male mice into control group VS. three exposure groups. Mice were exposed to 300-350 μg/m³ DEPs for 2, 5, and 7 h daily for 12 weeks. The Morris Water Maze (MWM) and Elevated Plus Maze device were used to examine anxiety, spatial memory and learning, respectively. The mRNAs expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits, and glutaminase were studied in hippocampus (HI) by real-time RT-PCR. Besides, malondialdehyde (MDA) tests were used to determine the state of oxidative stress. After 5 and 7 h. of DEPs exposure, mRNA expression of NR2A and NR3B IL1α, IL1β, TNFα, NMDA receptor subunits and MDA levels increased significantly (P < 0.05). Also, DEPs exposed mice for 2, 5, and 7 h. showed diminished entrance into open arms with short time spent there. Indeed, 5 and 7 h/day exposed mice required a longer time to reach the hidden platform. Sub-chronic exposure to DEPs increased oxidative stress markers, neuroinflammation, anxiety, impaired spatial learning and memory.

已经证明，亚慢性暴露于含有纳米级（˂100 nm）柴油废气颗粒（DEP）的空气污染可能导致成年雄性小鼠过度氧化应激和神经炎症。因此，我们研究了 DEPs 对雄性小鼠海马依赖的空间学习、神经炎症和记忆相关基因表达的影响。在这项研究中，我们将 48 只成年 NMRI 雄性小鼠分为对照组 VS。三个暴露组。小鼠暴露于 300-350 μg/m ³每天 2、5 和 7 小时的 DEP，持续 12 周。Morris Water Maze (MWM) 和 Elevated Plus Maze 设备分别用于检查焦虑、空间记忆和学习。通过实时 RT-PCR 研究了海马 (HI) 中促炎细胞因子、N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸 (NMDA) 受体亚基和谷氨酰胺酶的 mRNA 表达。此外，丙二醛（MDA）测试用于确定氧化应激状态。5 和 7 小时后。随着 DEPs 暴露量的增加，NR2A 和 NR3B IL1α、IL1β、TNFα、NMDA 受体亚基的 mRNA 表达和 MDA 水平显着升高（P < 0.05)。此外，DEP 将小鼠暴露 2、5 和 7 小时。显示减少进入张开双臂的时间很短。事实上，每天 5 和 7 小时暴露的小鼠需要更长的时间才能到达隐藏平台。亚慢性暴露于 DEPs 会增加氧化应激标志物、神经炎症、焦虑、空间学习和记忆受损。