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Managed Wetlands Can Benefit Juvenile Chinook Salmon in a Tidal Marsh
Estuaries and Coasts ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 , DOI: 10.1007/s12237-020-00880-4
Nicole M. Aha , Peter B. Moyle , Nann A. Fangue , Andrew L. Rypel , John R. Durand

Loss of estuarine and coastal habitats worldwide has reduced nursery habitat and function for diverse fishes, including juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Underutilized off-channel habitats such as flooded rice fields and managed ponds present opportunities for improving rearing conditions and increasing habitat diversity along migratory corridors. While experiments in rice fields have shown enhanced growth rates of juvenile fishes, managed ponds are less studied. To evaluate the potential of these ponds as a nursery habitat, juvenile Chinook salmon (~ 2.8 g, 63 mm FL) were reared in cages in four contrasting locations within Suisun Marsh, a large wetland in the San Francisco Estuary. The locations included a natural tidal slough, a leveed tidal slough, and the inlet and outlet of a tidally muted managed pond established for waterfowl hunting. Fish growth rates differed significantly among locations, with the fastest growth occurring near the outlet in the managed pond. High zooplankton biomass at the managed pond outlet was the best correlate of salmon growth. Water temperatures in the managed pond were also cooler and less variable compared to sloughs, reducing thermal stress. The stress of low dissolved oxygen concentrations within the managed pond was likely mediated by high concentrations of zooplankton and favorable temperatures. Our findings suggest that muted tidal habitats in the San Francisco Estuary and elsewhere could be managed to promote growth and survival of juvenile salmon and other native fishes.



中文翻译:

受管理的湿地可以使潮汐沼泽中的奇努克鲑鱼受益

河口和沿海栖息地的丧失全球减少了幼儿园的栖息地和功能多样的鱼类,包括少年大马哈鱼(鲑tshawytscha)。未充分利用的河道外生境,例如被洪水淹没的稻田和经管理的池塘,为改善迁徙条件和增加沿迁徙走廊的生境多样性提供了机会。尽管在稻田中进行的实验表明,幼鱼的生长速度提高了,但对有管理的池塘的研究却很少。为了评估这些池塘作为苗圃栖息地的潜力,在旧金山河口一个大湿地Suisun Marsh内四个相对的位置,在网箱中饲养了幼稚的奇努克鲑鱼(〜2.8 g,63 mm FL)。这些地点包括自然潮汐泥沼,潮汐潮汐泥沼以及为水禽狩猎而建立的经潮汐消隐的有管理的池塘的进出口。各地鱼的生长速度差异很大,生长最快的发生在管理池塘的出口附近。受管理的池塘出口处浮游动物的高生物量是鲑鱼生长的最佳关联。与泥沼相比,管理池塘的水温也较低,变化较小,从而减少了热应力。受管理的池塘中溶解氧浓度低的压力可能是由高浓度的浮游动物和适宜的温度介导的。我们的发现表明,可以控制旧金山河口和其他地方的潮汐栖息地,以促进鲑鱼和其他本地鱼类的生长和生存。受管理的池塘中溶解氧浓度低的压力可能是由高浓度的浮游动物和适宜的温度介导的。我们的发现表明,可以控制旧金山河口和其他地方的潮汐栖息地,以促进鲑鱼和其他本地鱼类的生长和生存。受管理的池塘中溶解氧浓度低的压力可能是由高浓度的浮游动物和适宜的温度介导的。我们的发现表明,可以控制旧金山河口和其他地方的潮汐栖息地,以促进鲑鱼和其他本地鱼类的生长和生存。

更新日期:2021-01-22
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