The Geiger-Nuttall (GN) law of α decay is commonly explained in terms of the quantum tunneling phenomenon. In this study, we show that such an explanation is actually not enough regarding the α particle clustering. Such a conclusion is drawn after exploring the involved coefficients of the GN law based on the conventional description of α decay, namely the formation of an α cluster and its subsequent penetration. The specific roles of the two former processes, in the GN law, manifest themselves via the systematical analysis of the calculated and experimental α decay half-lives versus the decay energies across the and shell closures. The α-cluster preformation probability is then found to behave in a GN-like pattern. This previously ignored point is explicitly demonstrated as the product of an interplay between the mean-field and pairing effect, which in turn reveals the structural influence on the formation of the α cluster in a simple and clear manner. In addition to providing an effective method to evaluate the amount of surface α clustering in heavy nuclei, the present conjecture supports other theoretical treatments of the α preformation probability.

α衰变的盖革-纳托尔 (GN) 定律通常用量子隧穿现象来解释。在这项研究中，我们表明，对于α粒子聚类，这样的解释实际上是不够的。这样的结论是基于对α衰变的常规描述，即α簇的形成及其随后的穿透，探索了GN定律所涉及的系数后得出的。在 GN 定律中，前两个过程的具体作用通过系统分析计算和实验的α衰变半衰期与穿过和壳闭合的衰变能量来表现出来。α _然后发现 -cluster preformation 概率以类似 GN 的模式表现。这个先前被忽略的点被明确证明是平均场和配对效应之间相互作用的产物，这反过来又以简单明了的方式揭示了结构对α簇形成的影响。除了提供一种评估重核表面α聚集量的有效方法外，本猜想还支持α预形成概率的其他理论处理。