Detecting the genetic and physiological variations in two Japanese quail strains could be used to suggest a new avian model for future breeding studies. Consequently, two estimations were performed on two Japanese quail strains: gray quail strain (GJQS) and white jumbo quail strain (WJQS). The first estimation was conducted on carcass characteristics, breast muscles, breast concentration of collagen type I, and body measurements. In contrast, blood samples were collected for the second estimation for genomic DNA extraction and genetic analysis. A total of 62 alleles out of 97 specific alleles (63.92%) were detected overall loci (14 microsatellite loci) for the two strains. A total of 27 specific alleles of WJQS were observed, and 35 were obtained for GJQS. The percentage of similarity was 48.09% ranged from 4.35 with UBC001 to 100% with GUJ0051. WJQS had greater body weights and a higher value of pectoral muscle and supracoracoideus muscle than GJQS. The breast muscles of GJQS exhibited a higher concentration of type I collagen than the WJQS. Furthermore, males showed higher concentrations of collagen type I than females. WJQS showed a higher body length, chest girth, chest length, thigh length, thigh girth, drumstick length, and drumstick girth (cm) than GJQS. WJQS showed more significant differences in carcass traits compared with GJQS. The physiological differences between WJQS and GJQS were ascertained with microsatellite markers, which indicated high polymorphism between these strains. These observations provided a scientific basis for evaluating and utilizing the genetic resources of WJQS and GJQS in a future genetic improvement program.

中文翻译：

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两种鹌鹑的遗传和生理变异

检测两种日本鹌鹑品系的遗传和生理变异可用于为将来的育种研究提供新的禽类模型。因此，对两种日本鹌鹑菌株进行了两个估计：灰鹌鹑菌株（GJQS）和白巨型鹌鹑菌株（WJQS）。对estimation体特征，乳房肌肉，I型胶原的乳房浓度和身体测量值进行了首次估计。相反，收集血液样本进行第二次估计，以进行基因组DNA提取和遗传分析。在这两个菌株的97个特异性等位基因中，总共检测到62个等位基因（63.92％）。总共观察到WJQS的27个特定等位基因，而GJQS获得了35个。相似性百分比为48.09％，范围从UBC001的4.35到GUJ0051的100％。与GJQS相比，WJQS的体重更大，胸肌和胸上膜肌的价值更高。GJQS的胸肌比WJQS表现出更高的I型胶原浓度。此外，男性显示出比女性更高的I型胶原蛋白浓度。WJQS的身高，胸围，胸围，大腿长，大腿围，鼓槌长度和鼓槌周长（cm）比GJQS高。与GJQS相比，WJQS在car体性状上显示出更显着的差异。用微卫星标记确定了WJQS和GJQS之间的生理差异，这表明这些菌株之间具有高多态性。这些观察结果为评估和利用WJQS和GJQS的遗传资源提供了科学依据，可用于未来的遗传改良计划。