Recently, studies suggested that the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory roles in the induced acute lung injury in mice via controlling innate, humoral, and cell-mediated immunity. Sixty adult male mice were divided equally into three groups. Group A (control group) received an intraperitoneal (IP) phosphate-buffered saline. Group B was injected IP with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Group C was injected IP with LPS, followed after 2 h by intravenous labeled bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs). The plasma and bronchioalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were collected at 12, 24, and 72 h postinjection. Estimation of total cell and neutrophils count and immunoglobulin M (IgM) in BAL fluid was performed. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to analyze tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) that is a proinflammatory cytokine and interleukin-10 (IL-10), which is an anti-inflammatory cytokine, in plasma. Lung samples were collected for histopathological examination at 12, 24, 72 h, and 1 week postinjection. Decreased TNF-α and increased IL-10 levels in the plasma of MSC-treated group compared to the LPS-infected group were observed. Also, decreased IgM level in BAL fluid of the MSC-treated group after 72 h compared to the LPS-infected group was detected with a resolution of inflammation and improvement in lung injury. Moreover, MSC-treated group showed a reduction in total leukocyte count and neutrophil percentage in comparison to control and LPS-infected groups. Histopathological improvement was detected in MSC-treated group as well. In conclusion, systemic MSCs injection has an anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory effect in LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice.

中文翻译：

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骨髓源性间充质干细胞在急性肺损伤小鼠中的抗炎和免疫调节作用

最近，研究表明间充质干细胞 (MSCs) 通过控制先天、体液和细胞介导的免疫，在小鼠诱导的急性肺损伤中具有抗炎和免疫调节作用。六十只成年雄性小鼠被平均分为三组。A 组（对照组）接受腹膜内 (IP) 磷酸盐缓冲盐水。B 组 IP 注射脂多糖 (LPS)。C 组腹腔注射 LPS，2 小时后静脉注射标记的骨髓源性 MSC（BM-MSC）。在注射后 12、24 和 72 小时收集血浆和支气管肺泡灌洗液 (BAL)。进行了 BAL 液中总细胞和中性粒细胞计数和免疫球蛋白 M (IgM) 的估计。使用酶联免疫吸附试验 (ELISA) 分析血浆中的促炎细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α) 和抗炎细胞因子白细胞介素 10 (IL-10)。在注射后 12、24、72 小时和 1 周收集肺样本进行组织病理学检查。与 LPS 感染组相比，MSC 治疗组血浆中 TNF-α 水平降低，IL-10 水平升高。此外，与 LPS 感染组相比，72 小时后 MSC 治疗组的 BAL 液中 IgM 水平降低，炎症消退和肺损伤改善。此外，与对照组和 LPS 感染组相比，MSC 治疗组显示总白细胞计数和中性粒细胞百分比减少。在 MSC 治疗组中也检测到组织病理学改善。