As a result of its unique location, Turkey receives air masses from Europe, Russia, Middle East, and Africa, making it an important place in terms of long-range atmospheric transport (LRT) of contaminants. Atmospheric levels of 22 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), 45 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and 14 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were measured in two metropolitan cities, Istanbul and Izmir, on a weekly basis from May 2014 to May 2015. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its derivatives were dominant OCP species, followed by isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) at both sites. The annual mean concentration of ∑DDX (sum of o,p′-DDT, p,p′-DDT, o,p′-DDD, p,p′-DDD, o,p′-DDE, and p,p′-DDE) was 82 pg/m³ for Istanbul and 89 pg/m³ for Izmir, while these levels were about 46 pg/m³ for ∑HCHs (sum of α-, β-, γ-, and δ-HCH) at both of the sites. At both stations, tri- and tetra-PCBs and tetra- and penta-PBDEs were dominant congeners. The temperature dependence indicates that both LRT and local contaminated areas contribute to the elevated levels. A Lagrangian particle dispersion model (FLEXPART) showed a few potential source regions in northern Africa and Middle East, southern–southwestern and eastern Europe including Russia, as well as from local domestic metropolitan areas.

中文翻译：

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土耳其环境空气中选定的持久性有机污染物：区域来源和控制因素

由于其独特的地理位置，土耳其接收来自欧洲、俄罗斯、中东和非洲的气团，使其成为污染物远程大气传输 (LRT) 的重要场所。2014 年 5 月至 2015 年 5 月，在伊斯坦布尔和伊兹密尔这两个大城市每周测量了 22 种有机氯农药 (OCP)、45 种多氯联苯 (PCB) 和 14 种多溴二苯醚 (PBDE) 的大气水平。 二氯二苯三氯乙烷 (DDT) ) 及其衍生物是主要的 OCP 物种，其次是两个位点的六氯环己烷 (HCH) 异构体。∑DDX 的年平均浓度（o , p '-DDT, p , p '-DDT, o , p '-DDD 之和，p，p '滴滴滴，ø，p '-DDE，和p，p '-DDE）为82皮克/米³伊斯坦布尔和89皮克/米³为密尔，而这些水平是约46皮克/米³为两个地点的 ∑HCH（α-、β-、γ-和 δ-HCH 的总和）。在这两个站点，三和四多氯联苯以及四和五多溴二苯醚是主要的同系物。温度相关性表明 LRT 和当地污染区域都对升高的水平做出了贡献。拉格朗日粒子扩散模型 (FLEXPART) 显示了北非和中东、南-西南部和东欧（包括俄罗斯）以及当地国内大都市区的一些潜在源区域。