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Clinical Spectrum and Genetic Diagnosis of 54 Consecutive Patients Aged 0–25 with Bilateral Cataracts
Genes ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-21 , DOI: 10.3390/genes12020131
Suzannah Bell 1 , Samantha Malka 1 , Ian Christopher Lloyd 2, 3 , Mariya Moosajee 1, 2, 4, 5
Affiliation  

Childhood cataract affects 2.5-3.5 per 10,000 children in the UK, with a genetic mutation identified in 50-90% of bilateral cases. However, cataracts can also manifest in adolescence and early adulthood in isolation, as part of a complex ocular phenotype or with systemic features making accurate diagnosis more challenging. We investigate our real-world experience through a retrospective review of consecutive bilateral cataract patients (0-25 years) presenting to the ocular genetics service at Moorfields Eye Hospital between 2017 and 2020. Fifty-four patients from 44 unrelated families were identified, with a median age of 13.5 years (range 1 to 68 years) and a median age at diagnosis of 43.9 months IQR (1.7-140.3 months); 40.7% were female and 46.3% were Caucasian. Overall, 37 patients from 27 families (61.4%) were genetically solved (50%) or likely solved (additional 11.4%), with 26 disease-causing variants (8 were novel) in 21 genes; the most common were crystallin genes, in 8 (29.6%) families, with half occurring in the CRYBB2 gene. There was no significant difference in the molecular diagnostic rates between sporadic and familial inheritance (P = 0.287). Associated clinical diagnoses were retinal dystrophies in five (18.5%) and aniridia in three (11.1%) families. Bilateral cataracts were the presenting feature in 27.3% (6/22) of either complex or syndromic cases, and isolated cataract patients were 11.5 years younger (rank-sum Z = 3.668, P = 0.0002). Prompt genetic investigation with comprehensive panel testing can aid with diagnosis and optimise management of cataract patients.

中文翻译:

连续 54 例 0-25 岁双侧白内障患者的临床谱和基因诊断

在英国,每 10,000 名儿童中就有 2.5-3.5 人患有儿童白内障,在 50-90% 的双侧病例中发现了基因突变。然而,白内障也可以单独出现在青春期和成年早期,作为复杂眼表型的一部分或具有全身特征,使准确诊断更具挑战性。我们通过对 2017 年至 2020 年间在 Moorfields 眼科医院眼科遗传学服务中心就诊的连续双侧白内障患者(0-25 岁)进行回顾性调查来调查我们的真实经验。确定了来自 44 个无关家庭的 54 名患者,其中中位年龄为 13.5 岁(范围 1 至 68 岁),诊断时的中位年龄为 43.9 个月 IQR(1.7-140.3 个月);40.7% 为女性,46.3% 为白种人。总体而言,来自 27 个家庭的 37 名患者(61. 4% 已通过基因解决(50%)或可能已解决(另外 11.4%),21 个基因中有 26 种致病变异(8 种是新的);最常见的是晶状体蛋白基因,在 8 个 (29.6%) 家族中,其中一半出现在 CRYBB2 基因中。散发性和家族性遗传的分子诊断率无显着差异(P=0.287)。相关的临床诊断是五个 (18.5%) 家庭的视网膜营养不良和三个 (11.1%) 家庭的无虹膜症。双侧白内障是 27.3% (6/22) 的复杂或综合征病例的表现特征,孤立的白内障患者年龄更小 11.5 岁(秩和 Z = 3.668,P = 0.0002)。通过全面的面板测试进行及时的基因调查可以帮助诊断和优化白内障患者的管理。在 21 个基因中有 26 个致病变异(8 个是新的);最常见的是晶状体蛋白基因,在 8 个 (29.6%) 家族中,其中一半出现在 CRYBB2 基因中。散发性和家族性遗传的分子诊断率无显着差异(P=0.287)。相关的临床诊断是五个 (18.5%) 家庭的视网膜营养不良和三个 (11.1%) 家庭的无虹膜症。双侧白内障是 27.3% (6/22) 的复杂或综合征病例的表现特征,孤立的白内障患者年龄更小 11.5 岁(秩和 Z = 3.668,P = 0.0002)。通过全面的面板测试进行及时的基因调查可以帮助诊断和优化白内障患者的管理。在 21 个基因中有 26 个致病变异(8 个是新的);最常见的是晶状体蛋白基因,在 8 个 (29.6%) 家族中,其中一半出现在 CRYBB2 基因中。散发性和家族性遗传的分子诊断率无显着差异(P=0.287)。相关的临床诊断是五个 (18.5%) 家庭的视网膜营养不良和三个 (11.1%) 家庭的无虹膜症。双侧白内障是 27.3% (6/22) 的复杂或综合征病例的表现特征,孤立的白内障患者年龄更小 11.5 岁(秩和 Z = 3.668,P = 0.0002)。通过全面的面板测试进行及时的基因调查可以帮助诊断和优化白内障患者的管理。散发性和家族性遗传的分子诊断率无显着差异(P=0.287)。相关的临床诊断是五个 (18.5%) 家庭的视网膜营养不良和三个 (11.1%) 家庭的无虹膜症。双侧白内障是 27.3% (6/22) 的复杂或综合征病例的表现特征,并且孤立的白内障患者年轻 11.5 岁(秩和 Z = 3.668,P = 0.0002)。通过全面的面板测试进行及时的基因调查可以帮助诊断和优化白内障患者的管理。散发性和家族性遗传的分子诊断率无显着差异(P=0.287)。相关的临床诊断是五个 (18.5%) 家庭的视网膜营养不良和三个 (11.1%) 家庭的无虹膜症。双侧白内障是 27.3% (6/22) 的复杂或综合征病例的表现特征,并且孤立的白内障患者年轻 11.5 岁(秩和 Z = 3.668,P = 0.0002)。通过全面的面板测试进行及时的基因调查可以帮助诊断和优化白内障患者的管理。3% (6/22) 的复杂或综合征病例,以及孤立的白内障患者年轻 11.5 岁(秩和 Z = 3.668,P = 0.0002)。通过全面的面板测试进行及时的基因调查可以帮助诊断和优化白内障患者的管理。3% (6/22) 的复杂或综合征病例,以及孤立的白内障患者年轻 11.5 岁(秩和 Z = 3.668,P = 0.0002)。通过全面的面板测试进行及时的基因调查可以帮助诊断和优化白内障患者的管理。
更新日期:2021-01-21
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