Organic dairy cows were used to evaluate the effect of two organic pasture production systems (temperate grass species and warm-season annual grasses and cool-season annuals compared with temperate grasses only) across two grazing seasons (May to October of 2014 and 2015) on milk production, milk components (fat, protein, milk urea nitrogen (MUN), somatic cell score (SCS)), body weight, body condition score (BCS), and activity and rumination (min/day). Cows were assigned to two pasture systems across the grazing season at an organic research dairy in Morris, Minnesota. Pasture System 1 was cool-season perennials (CSP) and Pasture System 2 was a combination of System 1 and warm-season grasses and cool-season annuals. System 1 and System 2 cows had similar milk production (14.7 and 14.8 kg d⁻¹), fat percentage (3.92% vs. 3.80%), protein percentage (3.21% vs. 3.17%), MUN (12.5 and 11.5 mg dL⁻¹), and SCS (4.05 and 4.07), respectively. Cows in System 1 had greater daily rumination (530 min/day) compared to cows in System 2 (470 min/day). In summary, warm-season annual grasses may be incorporated into grazing systems for pastured dairy cattle.

中文翻译：

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牛奶产量，体重，身体状况得分，活动和有机奶牛放牧的放牧，两种不同的牧场系统都结合了冷季和暖季饲料

在两个放牧季节（2014年5月至2014年10月和2015年），使用有机奶牛评估了两种有机牧场生产系统（温带草种和暖季一年生草和凉季一年生与仅温带草相比）的效果。牛奶产量，牛奶成分（脂肪，蛋白质，牛奶尿素氮（MUN），体细胞评分（SCS）），体重，身体状况评分（BCS）以及活力和反刍力（分钟/天）。在明尼苏达州莫里斯的有机研究奶牛场，在放牧季节将母牛分配到两个牧场系统。牧场系统1是凉季多年生植物（CSP），牧场系统2是系统1和暖季草和凉季一年生植物的组合。系统1和系统2的奶牛产奶量相似（14.7和14.8 kg d ^-1），脂肪百分比（3.92％对3.80％），蛋白质百分比（3.21％对3.17％），MUN（12.5和11.5 mg dL ^-1）和SCS（4.05和4.07）。与系统2中的母牛（470分钟/天）相比，系统1中的母牛的每日反刍力更高（530分钟/天）。总之，可以将暖季的一年生禾草纳入放牧的奶牛放牧系统。