Abstract

Heavy metals and arsenic are environmental pollutants and have a negative effect on human health. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) synthesized by bacteria are able to modulate the growth and metabolism of pro- and eukaryotes, to function as signals for distance communication between organisms, and to influence the action of various stress agents. The effects of sulfur-containing dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and ketones (2-undecanone, 2-nonanone, 2-heptanone, 2-pentanone, and 2-propanone) on expression from the promoters of the copA, zntA, and arsR genes (PcopA, PzntA, and ParsR) responding to stresses caused by heavy metal ions and arsenic have been studied using lux-biosensors containing inducible promoters of the listed genes and the lux-operon as a reporter. The degree of expression from the respective promoters was determined by the intensity of bioluminescence. The effects of 2-undecanone, 2-nonanone, 2-heptanone, and DMDS led to a lower expression of lux-operon, which is controlled by PcopA and ParsR. The pretreatment of biosensors with these VOCs decreased the induction of expression from promoters PzntA and ParsR under conditions of exposure to ZnSO₄ and NaAsO₂, respectively, in the presence of CuSO₄; this effect was marked only for 2-undecanone. 2-Pentanone increased the expression of lux-reporter from PcopA and PzntA. Pretreatment with 2-pentanone led to a 80% increase in expression of the lux reporter from PzntA compared to the effect of ZnSO₄ without 2-pentanone. The effects of VOCs on the expression from promoters of the genes responding to the stresses induced by copper, zinc, and arsenic are multidirectional and depend on VOC structure.

中文翻译：

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细菌合成的挥发性有机化合物对铜，锌和砷反应诱导的zntA，copA和arsR基因启动子表达的影响

摘要

重金属和砷是环境污染物，对人体健康有负面影响。细菌合成的挥发性有机化合物（VOC）能够调节原核生物和真核生物的生长和代谢，充当生物之间距离通讯的信号，并影响各种胁迫因子的作用。含硫二甲基二硫（DMDS）和酮（2-十一烷酮，2-壬酮，2-庚酮，2-戊酮和2-丙酮）对cop A，znt A和ars启动子表达的影响使用lux研究了响应重金属离子和砷引起的胁迫的R基因（P cop A，P znt A和P ars R）-biosensors含有列出的基因和的诱导型启动子勒克斯-operon作为报道。来自各个启动子的表达程度由生物发光强度确定。2-十一烷酮，2-壬酮的效果，2-庚酮，和DMDS导致的较低表达勒克斯-operon，其被P控制管纱A和P ARS R.与这些挥发性有机化合物的生物传感器的预处理的感应下降CuSO ₄存在下，分别暴露于ZnSO ₄和NaAsO _2的条件下，启动子P znt A和P ars R的表达; 该作用仅标记为2-十一烷酮。2-戊酮增加的表达勒克斯选自P -reporter纱A和P ZNT A.预处理导致了的表达增加了80％2-戊酮勒克斯记者选自P ZNT甲相比的ZnSO的效果₄而不2-戊酮。VOC对响应铜，锌和砷诱导的应激的基因启动子表达的影响是多向的，并取决于VOC的结构。