Ice formation on solid surfaces may originate serious problems in various fields such as aircraft, electrical lines etc. Hydrophobic coatings and surfaces can have potential applications with anti-icing properties via excessive repellency of water. Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a material with great importance in many technological applications. Recently, co-doping with different elements in zinc oxide is collecting research interest for hydrophobicity. In this work, calcium co-doped with magnesium in zinc oxide (CaMgZnO) thin films were deposited by sol–gel spin coating method. The doping percentage for calcium was x = 0, 1, 2.5, 4 at% as (CaxMg0.025Zn0.975-x). X-ray diffraction results revealed that all the films had hexagonal wurtzite structure and preferred (002) plane dominance with no secondary phase. Crack free surface was found for all the samples by SEM images. All the deposited films had average transmission of greater than 80%. Maximum band gap value of 3.43 eV revealed for max doping level. Furthermore, optical constants, complex dielectric functions, energy loss functions, and photoluminescence study were also explored. Hydrophobic behavior was evaluated for all the samples and more hydrophobicity with the water contact angle (WCA) of 104.06° produced by the sample having equal amount of calcium and magnesium. De-icing properties like freezing on-set and freezing delay was −15.1 °C and 900 s with the temperature set-point −5 °C respectively. Likewise, maximum freezing delay with temperature set-point −10 °C was 630 s.

固体表面上的结冰可能会在诸如飞机，电线等各个领域引发严重问题。疏水涂层和表面由于对水的过度排斥而具有潜在的防冰性能。氧化锌（ZnO）是在许多技术应用中非常重要的材料。近来，在氧化锌中与不同元素的共掺杂引起了疏水性的研究兴趣。在这项工作中，通过溶胶-凝胶旋涂法沉积了氧化镁（CaMgZnO）薄膜中的镁共掺杂钙。钙的掺杂百分比为x 等于（CaxMg0.025Zn0.975-x）的0、1、2.5、4 at％。X射线衍射结果表明，所有薄膜均具有六方纤锌矿结构，并具有优先的（002）平面优势，没有第二相。通过SEM图像发现所有样品的无裂纹表面。所有沉积的薄膜的平均透射率均大于80％。显示最大掺杂水平为3.43 eV的最大带隙值。此外，还探索了光学常数，复数介电函数，能量损失函数和光致发光研究。评估了所有样品的疏水行为，并通过由钙和镁含量相同的样品产生的104.06°的水接触角（WCA）获得了更大的疏水性。在温度设定点为-5°C时，诸如结冰开始时间和结冰延​​迟时间等除冰特性分别为-15.1°C和900 s。