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The Shrinking of the European Union and Its Integration Potential
Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences ( IF 0.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-01 , DOI: 10.1134/s1019331620060040
O. V. Butorina

On January 31, 2020, the United Kingdom, a country with a population of 67 mln people and the fifth largest economy in the world, left the European Union. The case when a state ceased to be an EU member is the first in the history of European integration. Except for the episode with Greenland, which left the EEC in 1985, the group had invariably expanded before that. The currently available extensive body of literature on Brexit is mainly represented by works dedicated to Britain. Fewer works are devoted to the European Union; they mainly address institutional issues, such as the ratio of supranational and intergovernmental management methods and the pros and cons of differentiated integration. This article poses the problem more broadly. Its goal is to clarify how Brexit will affect the strategic potential of integration, not its forms. The author concludes that, although the European Union suffers significant economic, political, and conceptual losses, Brexit paradoxically imparts dynamism to the integration process. There emerge preconditions for the formation of two competing democratic regimes in Europe. The new situation draws a line under the 30-year (since the fall of the Berlin Wall) period of ideological and institutional domination of the EU as the only possible model of European development. Competition with Britain can be extremely useful for the European Union to rethink its attitudes, reject dogmas, and develop a new ideology of integration that would meet not the conditions of bipolar confrontation but the challenges of mature globalization.

中文翻译:

欧盟的萎缩及其一体化潜力

2020年1月31日,拥有6700万人口、世界第五大经济体的英国脱离欧盟。一个国家不再是欧盟成员的情况在欧洲一体化史上尚属首次。除了 1985 年离开欧洲经济共同体的格陵兰岛事件外,该组织在此之前一直在扩张。目前关于英国退欧的大量文献主要以致力于英国的作品为代表。致力于欧盟的作品较少;它们主要解决体制问题,例如超国家和政府间管理方法的比例以及差异化整合的利弊。这篇文章更广泛地提出了这个问题。其目标是阐明英国退欧将如何影响一体化的战略潜力,而不是其形式。作者得出的结论是,尽管欧盟遭受了重大的经济、政治和概念损失,但自相矛盾的是,英国退欧为一体化进程赋予了活力。在欧洲形成两个相互竞争的民主政权存在先决条件。新形势在 30 年(自柏林墙倒塌以来)的意识形态和制度主导的欧盟作为欧洲发展的唯一可能模式下划清了界限。与英国的竞争对于欧盟重新思考其态度、摒弃教条并发展一种新的一体化意识形态非常有用,这种意识形态不仅能满足两极对抗的条件,而且能应对成熟全球化的挑战。英国脱欧自相矛盾地为一体化进程注入了活力。在欧洲形成两个相互竞争的民主政权存在先决条件。新形势在 30 年(自柏林墙倒塌以来)的意识形态和制度主导的欧盟作为欧洲发展的唯一可能模式下划清了界限。与英国的竞争对于欧盟重新思考其态度、摒弃教条并发展一种新的一体化意识形态非常有用,这种意识形态不仅能满足两极对抗的条件,而且能应对成熟全球化的挑战。英国脱欧自相矛盾地为一体化进程注入了活力。在欧洲形成两个相互竞争的民主政权存在先决条件。新形势在欧盟作为欧洲发展唯一可能模式的 30 年(自柏林墙倒塌以来)意识形态和制度统治时期划清了界限。与英国的竞争对于欧盟重新思考其态度、摒弃教条并发展一种新的一体化意识形态非常有用,这种意识形态不仅能满足两极对抗的条件,而且能应对成熟全球化的挑战。新形势在 30 年(自柏林墙倒塌以来)的意识形态和制度主导的欧盟作为欧洲发展的唯一可能模式下划清了界限。与英国的竞争对于欧盟重新思考其态度、摒弃教条并发展一种新的一体化意识形态非常有用,这种意识形态不仅能满足两极对抗的条件,而且能应对成熟全球化的挑战。新形势在 30 年(自柏林墙倒塌以来)的意识形态和制度主导的欧盟作为欧洲发展的唯一可能模式下划清了界限。与英国的竞争对于欧盟重新思考其态度、摒弃教条并发展一种新的一体化意识形态非常有用,这种意识形态不仅能满足两极对抗的条件,而且能应对成熟全球化的挑战。
更新日期:2020-11-01
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