This article is dedicated to the 150th anniversary of the classic author of Russian literature, Honorary Academician of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in the Category of Fine Literature, the first Russian Nobel Prize laureate in literature I.A. Bunin (October 10 (22), 1870–November 8, 1953). The parallel of the category of the “national” as the “universal,” open to the world, capable of connecting to someone else’s experience in the creative mind of Pushkin, who had stood at the origins of the great Russian classics, and Bunin, who largely completed this tradition in the 20th century, is considered. The aesthetic dominants of Bunin’s artistic world, his inherent ways of mastering images and themes of world culture, as well as the tragic experience of a person in the postclassical era, are reviewed. The assessments of the writer’s work by the major figures of Western literature (Thomas Mann, Romain Rolland, André Gide, and others) are presented. The circumstances of Bunin’s election as an Academician in 1909 are examined. The expert evaluations of his work by the Nobel Committee, which preceded the awarding of the prize in 1933, are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the significance of these milestones in Bunin’s biography and the main components of his literary reputation.

中文翻译：

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俄罗斯第一位诺贝尔文学奖获得者作品中的民族性和普遍性 IA 布宁名誉院士诞辰 150 周年

本文献给俄罗斯文学经典作家、帝国科学院美术类名誉院士、第一位俄罗斯诺贝尔文学奖获得者IA布宁诞辰150周年（1870年10月10日（22日）- 1953 年 11 月 8 日）。“民族”的类别与“普遍的”类别相对应，向世界开放，能够在普希金的创造性思维中与其他人的经验联系起来，普希金站在伟大的俄罗斯经典的起源处，以及布宁，谁在 20 世纪基本上完成了这一传统，被认为是。回顾了布宁艺术世界的审美优势，他对世界文化图像和主题的固有把握方式，以及一个人在后古典时代的悲惨经历。介绍了西方文学的主要人物（托马斯·曼、罗曼·罗兰、安德烈·纪德等）对作者作品的评价。布宁在 1909 年被选为院士的情况被审查。分析了诺贝尔委员会在 1933 年颁奖之前对其工作的专家评价。特别关注这些里程碑在布宁的传记中的重要性以及他文学声誉的主要组成部分。