Abstract

Studies focusing on the relationship between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and Parkinson’s disease (PD) have provided conflicting results. We review the literature to investigate: 1) Are PD patients at higher risk for contracting COVID-19 and are there specific contributing factors to that risk? 2) How does COVID-19 affect PD symptoms? 3) How does COVID-19 present in PD patients? 4) What are the outcomes in PD patients who contract COVID-19? 5) What is the impact of COVID-19 on PD care? 6) Does COVID-19 increase the risk of developing PD? A literature search was performed from 1979 to 2020 using the terms: ‘Parkinson’s disease’ and ‘parkinsonism’ combined with: ‘COVID-19’; ‘SARS-CoV-2’ and ‘coronavirus’. It does not appear that PD is a specific risk factor for COVID-19. There is evidence for direct/indirect effects of SARS-CoV-2 on motor/non-motor symptoms of PD. Although many PD patients present with typical COVID-19 symptoms, some present atypically with isolated worsening of parkinsonian symptoms, requiring increased anti-PD therapy and having worse outcomes. Mortality data on PD patients with COVID-19 is inconclusive (ranging from 5.2%to 100%). Patients with advanced PD appear to be particularly vulnerable. Single cases of acute hypokinetic-rigid syndrome have been described but no other convincing data has been reported. The rapidity with which COVID-19 has swept across the globe has favored the proliferation of studies which lack scientific rigor and the PD literature has not been immune. A coordinated effort is required to assimilate data and answer these questions in larger PD cohorts.

中文翻译：

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帕金森氏病和COVID-19大流行

摘要

专注于严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2），冠状病毒病2019（COVID-19）和帕金森氏病（PD）之间关系的研究提供了矛盾的结果。我们回顾研究的文献：1）PD患者是否有较高的感染COVID-19的风险，并且有导致该风险的具体因素吗？2）COVID-19如何影响PD症状？3）PD患者中COVID-19的含量如何？4）患有COVID-19的PD患者的结局如何？5）COVID-19对PD护理有何影响？6）COVID-19是否会增加患PD的风险？从1979年至2020年使用“帕金森氏病”和“帕金森氏症”以及“ COVID-19”和“ “ SARS-CoV-2”和“冠状病毒”。PD似乎不是COVID-19的特定危险因素。有证据表明SARS-CoV-2对PD的运动/非运动症状具有直接/间接作用。尽管许多PD患者表现出典型的COVID-19症状，但有些患者非典型地表现为帕金森病症状的个别恶化，需要增加抗PD治疗并导致更差的结果。PD患者COVID-19的死亡率数据尚无定论（从5.2％到100％不等）。晚期PD患者似乎特别脆弱。已描述了急性运动不足-刚性综合症的单个病例，但没有其他令人信服的数据报道。COVID-19迅速席卷全球，这促进了缺乏科学严谨性且PD文献也不能幸免的研究的扩散。需要协调一致的努力来吸收数据并在较大的PD队列中回答这些问题。