Olfactory Dysfunction Is Already Present with Subjective Cognitive Decline and Deepens with Disease Severity in the Alzheimer’s Disease Spectrum,Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease

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Olfactory Dysfunction Is Already Present with Subjective Cognitive Decline and Deepens with Disease Severity in the Alzheimer’s Disease Spectrum
Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease ( IF 4 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-19 , DOI: 10.3233/jad-201168
Qiang Wang _{1,

2} , Ben Chen ₁ , Xiaomei Zhong ₁ , Huarong Zhou ₁ , Min Zhang ₁ , Naikeng Mai ₃ , Zhangying Wu ₁ , Xingxiao Huang ₁ , Antje Haehner ₄ , Xinru Chen ₁ , Lavinia Alberi Auber _{5,

6} , Qi Peng ₁ , Thomas Hummel ₄ , Yuping Ning _{1,

7,

8}

Affiliation

Background:Odor identification dysfunction occurs early in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and is considered a preclinical symptom along with subjective cognitive decline (SCD). Nevertheless, whether subjects with SCD are co-symptomatic with odor identification dysfunction remains unclear. Objective:To compare the degree of odor identification dysfunction and assess the relation between odor identification and cognitive performance in the AD spectrum (including SCD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD). Methods:Patients (84 SCD, 129 MCI, 52 AD) and 35 controls underwent the Sniffin’ Sticks Screen 16 test and comprehensive neuropsychological examination. Results:Odor identification scores were progressively lower moving from normal older adult to SCD, MCI, and AD. Additionally,the proportion of odor identification dysfunction were increasingly higher in the AD spectrum (p for trend <0.001), but no significant difference was found in the proportion of subjective olfactory dysfunction. No significant correlation was found between odor identification and cognition in the normal older adults and SCD subjects, but odor identification correlated with global cognition in the MCI (r = 0.199, p = 0.033) and in the AD (r = 0.300, p = 0.036) patients. Multiple linear regression showed that odor identification dysfunction was most strongly associated with memory among different cognitive subdomains and was most strongly associated with immediate verbal recall among different memory subdomains. Conclusion:Odor identification dysfunction is already present with SCD and deepens with disease severity in the AD spectrum, and it may contribute to predicting cognitive decline and identifying SCD subjects who are at risk of developing AD.

中文翻译：

在阿尔茨海默病谱系中，嗅觉功能障碍已经存在主观认知下降并随着疾病严重程度而加深

背景：气味识别功能障碍发生在阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的早期，被认为是伴随主观认知能力下降 (SCD) 的临床前症状。然而，SCD 受试者是否伴有气味识别功能障碍尚不清楚。目的：比较气味识别功能障碍的程度，并评估气味识别与AD谱系（包括SCD、轻度认知障碍（MCI）和AD）认知能力之间的关系。方法：患者（84 名 SCD、129 名 MCI、52 名 AD）和 35 名对照组接受了 Sniffin' Sticks Screen 16 测试和综合神经心理学检查。结果：从正常老年人到 SCD、MCI 和 AD，气味识别分数逐渐降低。此外，在 AD 谱中，气味识别功能障碍的比例越来越高（趋势 p <0.001），但主观嗅觉功能障碍的比例没有显着差异。在正常老年人和 SCD 受试者中，气味识别与认知之间没有发现显着相关性，但气味识别与 MCI (r = 0.199, p = 0.033) 和 AD (r = 0.300, p = 0.036) 中的整体认知相关）耐心。多元线性回归表明，气味识别功能障碍与不同认知子域中的记忆最密切相关，与不同记忆子域中的即时言语回忆最密切相关。结论：气味识别功能障碍已经存在于 SCD 并随着 AD 谱中的疾病严重程度而加深，

更新日期：2021-01-20

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