Biopolyols were obtained from liquefaction of sugarcane bagasse and rice husk. Acid and hydroxyl numbers were determined for estimating the polyol value of the liquid products. These prepared biopolyols were mixed with the commercial polyol for the preparation of polyurethane foam (PU). To study the effects of biopolyol on properties of PU foam, various ratios of biopolyol to commercial polyol were used. It was observed that the density and foaming time of the PU foam increases with the increase in biopolyol content. The calculated Isocyanate index showed that sugarcane bagasse polyol can be used to make flexible foam and that rice husk can be used to make rigid foam. Foaming times and full rise times increased with increase in the biopolyol content. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of prepared foams showed the characteristic peaks related to PU foam. The morphological studies were carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thermal conductivity tests proved that the synthesized PU foams can be used as insulating materials. Further, PU foams were also prepared with the incorporation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in the polyol. The densities, thermal conductivities and SEM analysis of PU foams with and without carbon nanotubes were compared.

生物多元醇获自甘蔗渣和稻壳的液化。确定酸和羟基值以估计液体产物的多元醇值。将这些制备的生物多元醇与市售多元醇混合以制备聚氨酯泡沫（PU）。为了研究生物多元醇对聚氨酯泡沫塑料性能的影响，使用了各种比例的生物多元醇与市售多元醇。观察到，PU泡沫的密度和发泡时间随着生物多元醇含量的增加而增加。计算出的异氰酸酯指数表明，甘蔗渣蔗糖多元醇可用于制造软质泡沫，而稻壳可用于制造硬质泡沫。发泡时间和完全上升时间随着生物多元醇含量的增加而增加。制备的泡沫的傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）光谱显示出与PU泡沫有关的特征峰。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）进行形态学研究。导热系数测试证明合成的聚氨酯泡沫可以用作绝缘材料。此外，还通过在多元醇中掺入碳纳米管（CNT）来制备PU泡沫。比较了有和没有碳纳米管的PU泡沫的密度，热导率和SEM分析。