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Proximal and Distal Parts of Sweetpotato Adventitious Roots Display Differences in Root Architecture, Lignin, and Starch Metabolism and Their Developmental Fates
Frontiers in Plant Science ( IF 5.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-10 , DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.609923
Vikram Singh , Hanita Zemach , Sara Shabtai , Roni Aloni , Jun Yang , Peng Zhang , Lidiya Sergeeva , Wilco Ligterink , Nurit Firon

Sweetpotato is an important food crop globally, serving as a rich source of carbohydrates, vitamins, fiber, and micronutrients. Sweetpotato yield depends on the modification of adventitious roots into storage roots. The underlying mechanism of this developmental switch is not fully understood. Interestingly, storage-root formation is manifested by formation of starch-accumulating parenchyma cells and bulking of the distal part of the root, while the proximal part does not show bulking. This system, where two parts of the same adventitious root display different developmental fates, was used by us in order to better characterize the anatomical, physiological, and molecular mechanisms involved in sweetpotato storage-root formation. We show that, as early as 1 and 2 weeks after planting, the proximal part of the root exhibited enhanced xylem development together with increased/massive lignin deposition, while, at the same time, the distal root part exhibited significantly elevated starch accumulation. In accordance with these developmental differences, the proximal root part exhibited up-regulated transcript levels of sweetpotato orthologs of Arabidopsis vascular-development regulators and key genes of lignin biosynthesis, while the distal part showed up-regulation of genes encoding enzymes of starch biosynthesis. All these recorded differences between proximal and distal root parts were further enhanced at 5 weeks after planting, when storage roots were formed at the distal part. Our results point to down-regulation of fiber formation and lignification, together with up-regulation of starch biosynthesis, as the main events underlying storage-root formation, marking/highlighting several genes as potential regulators, providing a valuable database of genes for further research.



中文翻译:

甘薯不定根的近端和远端部分在根构型,木质素和淀粉代谢及其发育命运方面表现出差异

甘薯是全球重要的粮食作物,是碳水化合物,维生素,纤维和微量营养素的丰富来源。甘薯产量取决于不定根到贮藏根的修饰。这种发展开关的潜在机制尚未完全了解。有趣的是,贮藏根的形成表现为淀粉积累薄壁细胞的形成和根的远端部分的膨大,而近端部分则没有膨大。为了更好地表征甘薯贮藏根形成过程中涉及的解剖,生理和分子机制,我们使用了该系统,其中不定根的两个部分显示不同的发育命运。我们表明,早在种植后1和2周,根的近端部分表现出增强的木质部发育以及木质素沉积的增加/大量,同时,远端的根部分表现出明显的淀粉积累增加。根据这些发育差异,近根部分显示了甘薯直系同源基因的转录水平上调。拟南芥木质素合成的关键基因是血管发育调节因子,而远端显示淀粉合成酶编码基因的表达上调。种植后第5周,当在远端部分形成贮藏根时,所有这些记录的近端和远端根部之间的差异都进一步增强。我们的研究结果表明,纤维形成和木质化的下调,以及淀粉生物合成的上调,是根系形成的主要事件,标志/突出了几个潜在调控基因,为进一步研究提供了有价值的基因数据库。

更新日期:2021-01-20
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