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Treatment of Hypolimnion Water on Mineral Aggregates as the Second Step of the Hypolimnetic Withdrawal Method Used for Lake Restoration
Minerals ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 , DOI: 10.3390/min11020098
Justyna Łożyńska , Julita A. Dunalska , Agnieszka Bańkowska-Sobczak , Li Zhang , William J. Mitsch

The study aimed to assess the usefulness of mineral aggregates in orthophosphate (OP) removal from hypolimnetic water withdrawn from eutrophic lakes. Two low-cost and easily available reactive materials were tested: lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA) and crushed limestone (LS). Their performance regarding OP removal and the effect on the pH, Ca2+, Mg2+, N-NO3 and N-NH4 concentrations of treated water were investigated in a column experiment with four-filter beds made of LECA and amended with LS (additions of 0, 25, 50 and 75% of the bed volume). The highest OP removal (>50%) was achieved in LECA beds with high (75% by volume) amendments of LS. Neither LECA nor LS distinctly affected the pH (maximum pH increase, from 7.1 or 7.2 to 7.6, occurred in the case of the LECA bed). In real-life conditions, it is not feasible to install a full-scale bed made of these mineral aggregates on the outflow from a lake due to the large required size of such a bed. At the operation time set for 30 d, the size of a bed would need to reach between 6113.2 and 12,226.4 m3. The proposed bed should be just one of the elements of an integrated treatment system. Constructions consisting of sorption beds ought to be coupled with adequately designed zones of aquatic vegetation. Three conceptional solutions were proposed for in situ treatment of the withdrawn water, differing in arrangement and construction of the potential sorption bed. Application of such solutions should be regarded as a substantial improvement of Olszewski’s method, as it can mitigate the pollution of downstream ecosystems.

中文翻译:

矿物聚集体上的低沉水处理作为恢复湖泊的低沉抽水方法的第二步

这项研究旨在评估从富营养化湖泊中抽出的低铁水去除正磷酸盐(OP)中矿物质聚集体的有用性。测试了两种低成本且易于获得的反应性材料:轻质膨胀粘土骨料(LECA)和碎石灰石(LS)。它们在去除OP方面的性能以及对pH,Ca 2 +,Mg 2 +,N-NO 3和N-NH 4的影响在使用LECA制成并经LS修正的四滤床的柱实验中研究了处理后水的浓度(添加了床体积的0、25、50和75%)。LECA床的LS修正量高(按体积计75%),去除率最高(> 50%)。LECA和LS都没有明显影响pH值(在LECA床的情况下,最大pH值从7.1或7.2增加到7.6)。在现实生活中,由于这种矿床的尺寸要求很大,因此无法在湖水出口安装由这些矿物聚集体制成的全尺寸床。在设定的30 d的运行时间下,床的尺寸将需要达到6113.2和12,226.4 m 3之间。提议的床应该只是综合治疗系统的要素之一。由吸附床组成的结构应与适当设计的水生植物区域相结合。提出了三种概念性解决方案,用于原位处理抽出的水,这与潜在吸附床的布置和构造不同。此类解决方案的应用应被视为Olszewski方法的实质性改进,因为它可以减轻下游生态系统的污染。
更新日期:2021-01-20
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