Oxidative stress has been associated with many pathologies, in both human and animal medicine. Damage to tissue components such as lipids is a defining feature of oxidative stress and can lead to the generation of many oxidized products, including isoprostanes (IsoP). First recognized in the early 1990s, IsoP are formed in numerous biological fluids and tissues, chemically stable, and easily measured by noninvasive means. Additionally, IsoP are highly specific indicators of lipid peroxidation and thereby are regarded as excellent biomarkers of oxidative stress. Although there have been many advancements in the detection and use of IsoP as a biomarker, there is still a paucity of knowledge regarding the biological activity of these molecules and their potential roles in pathology of oxidative stress. Furthermore, the use of IsoP has been limited in veterinary species thus far and represents an avenue of opportunity for clinical applications in veterinary practice. Examples of clinical applications of IsoP in veterinary medicine include use as a novel biomarker to guide treatment recommendations or as a target to mitigate inflammatory processes. This review will discuss the history, biosynthesis, measurement, use as a biomarker, and biological action of IsoP, particularly in the context of veterinary medicine.

中文翻译：

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兽药中的异前列腺素：超越生物标志物。

在人类和动物医学​​中，氧化应激都与许多病理相关。对组织成分（如脂质）的损害是氧化应激的主要特征，并可能导致产生许多氧化产物，包括异前列腺素（IsoP）。IsoP最早在1990年代初得到认可，它形成于许多生物体液和组织中，化学性质稳定，易于通过无创手段进行测量。另外，IsoP是脂质过氧化的高度特异性指标，因此被认为是氧化应激的优秀生物标志物。尽管在检测和使用IsoP作为生物标记物方面已经取得了许多进步，但是关于这些分子的生物活性及其在氧化应激病理中的潜在作用的知识仍然很少。此外，迄今为止，IsoP的使用仅限于兽医物种，并且代表了在兽医实践中临床应用的机会之道。IsoP在兽医学中的临床应用实例包括用作指导治疗建议的新型生物标志物或减轻炎症过程的靶标。这篇综述将讨论IsoP的历史，生物合成，测量，用作生物标志物和生物作用，尤其是在兽医学方面。