Biochar as a potential soil amendment has been widely used in agricultural soils for improving soil physical properties. However, the effects of biochar addition on soil aggregation are inconsistent in many individual studies. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of 641 comparisons from 119 published studies to assess the combined effects of biochar application on soil aggregation through biochar attributes, initial soil properties, and experimental conditions. Overall, our results indicate that biochar application significantly improved soil aggregation by 16.4 ± 2.5 %, regardless of biochar/experimental/soil conditions. The response ratio (lnR) of biochar-induced soil aggregation had significant variability across different studies. In the context of biochar attributes, there was a higher favorable influence of wood biochar with higher pyrolysis temperature (> 600 °C). With the amount of biochar increased, the effects of biochar on soil aggregation significantly improved (P < 0.001). Considering experimental conditions, the advancement of soil aggregation was more significant over a longer period of time (> 3 years). In particular, the wet sieving method (18.2 %) is better than the dry sieving method (4.05 %) for assessing soil aggregation. Moreover, soil aggregation intensified in neutral and acidic soil, while alkaline soil was not significantly changed. Also, biochar amendment strengthened soil aggregation in the loam-textured (19.9 %) soils relative to sandy soils (13.4 %). Our meta-analysis demonstrates that biochar as a soil amendment can improve soil aggregation through the combination of experimental conditions with specific biochar, and soil properties.

生物炭作为潜在的土壤改良剂已广泛用于农业土壤中，以改善土壤的物理性质。但是，在许多单独的研究中，添加生物炭对土壤聚集的影响并不一致。因此，我们对来自119个已发表研究的641个比较进行了荟萃分析，以通过生物炭属性，初始土壤性质和实验条件评估生物炭施用对土壤聚集的综合影响。总体而言，我们的结果表明，无论使用何种生物炭/试验/土壤条件，施用生物炭都能使土壤聚集显着改善16.4±2.5％。响应比（ln R生物炭引起的土壤团聚在不同研究中具有显着差异。在生物炭属性的背景下，具有较高的热解温度（> 600°C）的木材生物炭具有较高的有利影响。随着生物炭含量的增加，生物炭对土壤团聚的影响显着改善（P<0.001）。考虑到实验条件，土壤团聚的进展在较长的时间内（> 3年）更为显着。特别是，湿式筛分法（18.2％）比干式筛分法（4.05％）更好地评估了土壤的聚集性。此外，在中性和酸性土壤中土壤团聚加剧，而碱性土壤没有明显变化。此外，相对于沙质土壤（13.4％），生物炭改良剂增强了壤土（19.9％）土壤中的土壤聚集。我们的荟萃分析表明，生物炭作为土壤改良剂可以通过结合特定生物炭的实验条件和土壤特性来改善土壤的聚集。