Crop plants should be resilient to climatic factors in order to feed ever-increasing populations. Plants have developed stress-responsive mechanisms by changing their metabolic pathways and switching the stress-responsive genes. The discovery of plant transcriptional factors (TFs), as key regulators of different biotic and abiotic stresses, has opened up new horizons for plant scientists. TFs perceive the signal and switch certain stress-responsive genes on and off by binding to different cis-regulatory elements. More than 50 families of plant TFs have been reported in nature. Among them, DREB, bZIP, MYB, NAC, Zinc-finger, HSF, Dof, WRKY, and NF-Y are important with respect to biotic and abiotic stresses, but the potential of many TFs in the improvement of crops is untapped. In this review, we summarize the role of different stress-responsive TFs with respect to biotic and abiotic stresses. Further, challenges and future opportunities linked with TFs for developing climate-resilient crops are also elaborated.

农作物应该能够适应气候因素，以便养活不断增长的人口。植物通过改变代谢途径和切换应激反应基因，形成了应激反应机制。植物转录因子（TF）作为不同生物和非生物胁迫的关键调节因子，其发现为植物科学家开辟了新的视野。转录因子感知信号并通过与不同的顺式调节元件结合来打开和关闭某些应激反应基因。自然界中已报道了 50 多个植物转录因子家族。其中，DREB、bZIP、MYB、NAC、Zinc-finger、HSF、Dof、WRKY和NF-Y对于生物和非生物胁迫很重要，但许多转录因子在作物改良方面的潜力尚未开发。在这篇综述中，我们总结了不同胁迫响应转录因子在生物和非生物胁迫方面的作用。此外，还详细阐述了与开发气候适应型作物的技术转移相关的挑战和未来机遇。