In recent years, both natural melanin and their synthetic analogs have attracted increasing attention as an emerging class of bioinspired supercapacitor materials, due to their rich sources, excellent processability, and extraordinary electrochemical performances. Particularly, the inherent heteroatoms and catechol groups within natural melanin and polydopamine (PDA) nanomaterials can promote the total electrochemical activities and surface activation capabilities of the systems. This review strives to summarize the recent advances and highlights of melanin-inspired supercapacitors by focusing on their chemical structures, fabrication methods, working mechanisms as well as various applications ranging from wearable devices, flexible capacitors to supercapacitor separators. Finally, the current challenges of melanin-inspired supercapacitor systems, and future perspectives in the rational fabrication of the new generation of bioinspired supercapacitors are also closely discussed.

近年来，由于其丰富的来源，出色的可加工性和出色的电化学性能，天然的黑色素及其合成类似物作为一类新兴的生物灵感超级电容器材料引起了越来越多的关注。特别地，天然黑色素和聚多巴胺（PDA）纳米材料中固有的杂原子和邻苯二酚基团可以促进系统的总体电化学活性和表面活化能力。这篇综述通过总结黑色素启发的超级电容器的化学结构，制造方法，工作机制以及从可穿戴设备，柔性电容器到超级电容器隔板的各种应用，来总结最近的进展和亮点。最后，受黑色素启发的超级电容器系统目前面临的挑战，