Indonesia is a country rich in medicinal plant biodiversity. The conservation and sustainable use of such species in Indonesia are critical because of incipient population growth, changing land usage, forest clearance, and climate change in a country where most of the population depends on traditional medicines for their health care and wellbeing. Identifying the conservation gap is crucial for planning the genetic conservation of Indonesian priority medicinal plant species. These are native plants with limited distribution, wild harvested (often to destruction) and/or included on the IUCN Red List, CITES appendices, and national legislation. Ecogeographic data were collated from online database, herbarium specimens and living collections and then subjected to in situ and ex situ gap analysis. The results of this gap analysis support our recommendation that in situ active conservation reserves for priority plants be established in areas of Indonesia with the greatest diversity of species. Medicinal plant species with no occurrence points in Indonesia or less than five seed samples are needed to be surveyed further. Other recommendations for active in situ and ex situ conservation are provided in this article which will help to ensure conservation of medicinal plants in Indonesia.

印度尼西亚是一个药用植物生物多样性丰富的国家。由于印度尼西亚人口的初期增长，土地用途的变化，森林砍伐和气候变化，印度尼西亚的此类物种的保护和可持续利用至关重要，因为该国大多数人口的保健和福祉都依赖传统药物。识别保护缺口对于规划印度尼西亚优先药用植物物种的遗传保护至关重要。这些是分布有限，野生采伐（经常被破坏）和/或列入《自然保护联盟红色名录》，《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》附录和国家立法的本地植物。从在线数据库，标本室标本和生活馆藏中整理生态地理数据，然后进行原地和异地处理缺口分析。差距分析的结果支持了我们的建议，即在物种多样性最大的印度尼西亚地区建立优先植物的原位有效保护区。在印度尼西亚没有发生点或种子样本少于五个的药用植物物种需要进一步调查。本文还提供了其他有关主动就地和非原生境保存的建议，这将有助于确保印尼药用植物的保存。