In this ongoing theme of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, highly sensitive analytical testing platforms are extremely necessary to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA and antiviral antibodies. To limit the viral spread, prompt and precise diagnosis is crucial to facilitate treatment and ensure effective isolation. Accurate detection of antibodies (IgG and IgM) is imperative to understand the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in public and to inspect the proportion of immune individuals. In this review, we demonstrate and evaluate some tests that have been used commonly to detect SARS-CoV-2. These include nucleic acid and serological tests for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and specific antibodies in infected people. Moreover, the vitality of biosensing technologies emphasizing on optical and electrochemical biosensors toward the detection of SARS-CoV-2 has also been discussed here. The early diagnosis of COVID-19 based on detection of reactive oxygen species overproduction because of virus-induced dysfunctioning of lung cells has also been highlighted.

在 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行的持续主题中，高度敏感的分析测试平台对于检测SARS-CoV-2 RNA 和抗病毒抗体极为必要。为了限制病毒传播，及时准确的诊断对于促进治疗和确保有效隔离至关重要。准确检测抗体（IgG 和 IgM）对于了解SARS-CoV-2在公众中的流行情况和检查免疫个体的比例至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们展示并评估了一些常用于检测SARS-CoV-2 的测试。其中包括用于检测SARS-CoV-2的核酸和血清学测试感染者体内的 RNA 和特异性抗体。此外，这里还讨论了强调光学和电化学生物传感器的生物传感技术在检测SARS-CoV- 2 方面的活力。COVID-19 的早期诊断基于检测病毒引起的肺细胞功能障碍导致的活性氧过度产生，这一点也得到了强调。