The results of a study of magnetoactive elastomers (MAEs) consisting of an elastomer matrix with embedded ferromagnetic particles are presented. A continuous critical bending induced by the magnetic field, characterized by a critical exponent for the bending magnitude, and the derivative of which has a singularity in the critical region is reported for the first time. The mechanical stability loss and the symmetry reduction of the magnetic state, which are interrelated with each other, take place at the critical point. The magnetization in the high-symmetric state (below the critical point) is directed along the magnetic field and the torque is absent. Above the critical point, the magnetization and the magnetic field are noncollinear and there arises a torque, which is self-consistent with the bending. The magnetic field dependence of the MAE bending was found to have a hysteresis, which is associated with the magneto-rheological effect. The shape memory effect was also obtained for the MAE bending in a cycle consisting of magnetization, cooling (at H ≠ 0), and heating (at H = 0). The influence of the critical glass transition temperature of the matrix, as well as its melting/solidification temperature, on the magnetic shape memory effect was studied.

给出了磁活性弹性体（MAE）的研究结果，该磁活性弹性体由具有嵌入铁磁颗粒的弹性体基质组成。首次报道了由磁场引起的连续临界弯曲，其特征在于弯曲幅度的临界指数，其导数在临界区域具有奇异性。相互关联的机械稳定性损失和磁态的对称性降低在临界点发生。高对称状态（在临界点以下）的磁化方向沿着磁场，并且没有转矩。在临界点以上，磁化强度和磁场是非共线的，并且会产生与弯曲自一致的扭矩。发现MAE弯曲的磁场依赖性具有磁滞，这与磁流变效应有关。还在磁化，冷却（在H ≠0），然后加热（H = 0时）。研究了基质的临界玻璃化转变温度及其熔化/凝固温度对磁性形状记忆效应的影响。