Emerging hybrid memory systems that comprise technologies such as Intel's Optane DC Persistent Memory, exhibit disparities in the access speeds and capacity ratios of their heterogeneous memory components. This breaks many assumptions and heuristics designed for traditional DRAM-only platforms. High application performance is feasible via dynamic data movement across memory units, which maximizes the capacity use of DRAM while ensuring efficient use of the aggregate system resources. Newly proposed solutions use performance models and machine intelligence to optimize which and how much data to move dynamically; however, the decision of when to move this data is based on empirical selection of time intervals, or left to the applications. Our experimental evaluation shows that failure to properly configure the data movement frequency can lead to 10%-100% slowdown for a given data movement policy; yet, there is no established methodology on how to properly configure this value for a given workload, platform and policy. We propose Cori, a system-level tuning solution that identifies and extracts the necessary application-level data reuse information, and guides the selection of data movement frequency to deliver gains in application performance and system resource efficiency. Experimental evaluation shows that Cori configures data movement frequencies that provide application performance within 3% of the optimal one, and that it can achieve this up to 5x more quickly than random or brute-force approaches. System-level validation of Cori on a platform with DRAM and Intel's Optane DC PMEM confirms its practicality and tuning efficiency.

中文翻译：

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调整混合存储系统上周期性数据移动的频率

包含英特尔Optane DC永久内存等技术的新兴混合内存系统在其异构内存组件的访问速度和容量比上表现出差异。这打破了为传统的仅DRAM平台设计的许多假设和启发式方法。通过跨存储单元的动态数据移动，实现高应用程序性能是可行的，这可以最大程度地利用DRAM的容量，同时确保有效利用集合的系统资源。最新提出的解决方案使用性能模型和机器智能来优化动态移动的数据量和数量。但是，何时移动此数据的决定基于时间间隔的经验选择，或者由应用程序决定。我们的实验评估表明，对于给定的数据移动策略，未能正确配置数据移动频率会导致速度降低10％-100％；但是，对于如何针对给定的工作负载，平台和策略正确配置此值，尚无确定的方法。我们提出Cori，这是一种系统级调优解决方案，可识别和提取必要的应用程序级数据重用信息，并指导数据移动频率的选择，以提高应用程序性能和系统资源效率。实验评估表明，Cori配置的数据移动频率可为应用程序提供最佳性能的3％以内的性能，并且与随机或蛮力方法相比，它可以更快地达到这一目标的5倍。在带有DRAM和Intel's平台的平台上对Cori进行系统级验证