ABSTRACT Mangroves are characteristic ecosystems of the coastal zones of the tropics and subtropics of the world and are considered of great importance, both for global biodiversity and for the livelihoods of local communities due to their provision of important ecosystem services (ES). Although their ecological and social importance is recognised, they are currently under heavy anthropogenic pressure that leads to their progressive degradation and, consequently, a reduced provision of ES. Socio-cultural valuation of ES is increasingly recognised as an approach that can provide important information regarding the perceptions of the communities that can be incorporated into future conservation strategies. In this sense, the objective of the present study was to identify the main ES provided by the mangroves in four communities of La Encrucijada Biosphere Reserve (REBIEN, by its Spanish acronym). Using semi-structured interviews and questionnaires we capture the perception regarding the importance of mangroves ecosystem services. Overall, the most highly valued ecosystem services were protection against meteorological phenomena, fishery and climate regulation. The main factors of mangrove degradation perceived were deforestation, channeling of rivers and pollution, which affect local well-being, mainly in their economic income and food security. We argue that the information generated could be useful for decision makers to design policies that can contribute to guarantee the access of communities to environmental resources as well as the preservation of sustainable livelihoods.

中文翻译：

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墨西哥东南部 La Encrucijada 生物圈保护区红树林提供的生态系统服务的社会文化分析

摘要红树林是世界热带和亚热带沿海地区的特色生态系统，因其提供重要的生态系统服务（ES）而被认为对全球生物多样性和当地社区的生计都具有重要意义。尽管它们的生态和社会重要性得到了认可，但它们目前正处于沉重的人为压力之下，导致它们逐渐退化，从而减少了 ES 的供应。ES 的社会文化评估越来越被认为是一种可以提供有关社区看法的重要信息的方法，这些信息可以纳入未来的保护战略。在这个意义上，本研究的目的是确定 La Encrucijada 生物圈保护区（REBIEN，以其西班牙语首字母缩写词）的四个社区中的红树林提供的主要 ES。使用半结构化访谈和问卷调查，我们捕捉了对红树林生态系统服务重要性的看法。总体而言，最有价值的生态系统服务是防止气象现象、渔业和气候调节。感知到的红树林退化的主要因素是森林砍伐、河流改道和污染，这会影响当地的福祉，主要是他们的经济收入和粮食安全。