British Poultry Science ( IF 2 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-17 , DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2020.1868406 K. Itani 1 , J. Ø. Hansen 1 , B. Kierończyk 2 , A. Benzertiha 2 , P. P. Kurk 1 , R. M. Ånestad 1 , F. Sundby 1 , L. T. Mydland 1 , M. Øverland 1 , B. Svihus 1
ABSTRACT
1. A 2 × 2 factorial arrangement was used to test the hypothesis that, in pelleted diets, legume starch is digested less rapidly and to a lesser extent than cereal starch, and that increased gelatinisation through extrusion would eliminate the differences between the starch sources. In addition, the trial examined whether a lower ratio of starch to nitrogen disappearance rate (SNDR) could improve feed conversion ratio (FCR).
2. At 17 d of age, male broilers were randomly distributed among four dietary treatments, consisting of either wheat or faba bean starch-rich fraction (FBS) as the sole starch source and pelleting or extrusion as processing methods. Each treatment had 10 replicate pens containing five birds each.
3. Extrusion resulted in a more extensive starch gelatinisation compared to pelleting, as expected.
4. No difference in weight gain at 29 d of age was observed between birds fed starch sources. However, birds fed wheat tended (P = 0.080) to have better FCR than those fed FBS, while the effect of processing methods was insignificant. Thus, there was no interaction between starch source and processing method on FCR.
5. In pelleted diets, FBS had lower and slower starch digestibility compared to wheat in all intestinal segments (P < 0.05). The interaction between starch source and processing method in all intestinal segments (P < 0.001) demonstrated that FBS responded more to gelatinisation through extrusion than did wheat. Thus, differences in starch digestibility between the wheat and FBS were eliminated with extrusion.
6. Feeding extruded diets significantly increased the upper jejunal expression of GLUT1, GLUT2 and SGLT1 compared to pelleted diets, which suggested that glucose absorption was less likely to be a limiting factor for starch utilisation.
7. Pelleting resulted in a lower ratio (P < 0.001) of SNDR compared to extrusion (on average 1.4-fold) but did not improve FCR.
中文翻译:
淀粉来源与糊化度之间的相互作用对肉鸡生产性能和小肠消化的影响
摘要
1. 2×2因子分解法用于检验以下假设:在颗粒饲料中,豆类淀粉的消化速率比谷物淀粉低,消化程度也较小,通过挤出增加糊化作用将消除淀粉来源之间的差异。此外,该试验还研究了降低淀粉与氮消失率(SNDR)的比例是否可以提高饲料转化率(FCR)。
2.在17日龄时,雄性肉鸡被随机分配到四种饮食处理中,其中小麦或蚕豆富含淀粉的级分(FBS)为唯一的淀粉来源,制粒或挤压为加工方法。每个处理有10支重复笔,每支有5只鸟。
3.如预期的那样,与造粒相比,挤压导致淀粉糊化范围更广。
4.饲喂淀粉源的家禽在29日龄时体重增加没有差异。然而,饲喂小麦的家禽的FCR往往比饲喂FBS的家禽更好(P = 0.080),而加工方法的效果却微不足道。因此,淀粉来源和FCR的加工方法之间没有相互作用。
5.在颗粒饲料中,与小麦相比,在所有肠段中,FBS的淀粉消化率均较低且较慢(P <0.05)。在所有肠段中淀粉来源和加工方法之间的相互作用(P <0.001)表明,与小麦相比,FBS通过挤压对糊化的反应更多。因此,通过挤出消除了小麦和FBS之间淀粉消化率的差异。
6.与颗粒状饲料相比,膨化饲料喂养显着增加了GLUT1,GLUT2和SGLT1的空肠上皮表达,这表明葡萄糖的吸收不太可能成为淀粉利用的限制因素。
7.与挤出相比,造粒导致SNDR的比率较低(P <0.001)(平均1.4倍),但并未改善FCR。