Tectonic inversion of passive margins is a common but poorly documented process preceding subduction inception. We perform here a comprehensive land‐sea experimental modeling of this key process by reproducing the morphotectonic and sedimentary evolution of the central Algerian margin over the last 6 Myr. Our approach is based on scaled analog models integrating interactions between crustal shortening and surface processes, including erosion, water transport, sedimentation, gravitational instabilities, and base‐level changes. A challenge was to simulate the effects of the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC) through a major sea‐level oscillation and halite deposition. By using realistic boundary conditions, adapted analog material, and robust, first‐order parameters for physiography setups, we successfully reproduce the morphotectonic domains and the time‐dependent geometrical relationships between fluvio‐deltaic sedimentary systems, erosional surfaces, and thrust faults as observed since Messinian times. Our results highlight (1) the key role played by the MSC sea‐level oscillation on an ultra‐fast building, destruction and re‐sedimentation of fans and deltas from the upper slope to the abyssal plain; (2) the development of a large popup structure subparallel to the coastline, with progressive strain migration from the backthrust on land toward a frontal thrust of opposite vergence at mid‐slope and the margin toe; and (3) the importance of lateral changes in initial wedge shape and strain distribution for determining the non‐cylindrical geometry of the margin and progradation of piggy‐back basins during tectonic inversion. Our results support that the central Algerian margin is witnessing the early building of an accretionary wedge combining thin‐skinned and thick‐skinned tectonic styles.

中文翻译：

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自墨西尼时代以来阿尔及利亚边缘的构造反转和地貌演化：来自新的陆上/海上模拟建模实验的见解

被动边缘的构造反转是俯冲作用开始之前的常见但文献记载较差的过程。在这里，我们通过重现最近6 Myr的阿尔及利亚中部边缘的构造构造和沉积演化，对这一关键过程进行了全面的陆海实验建模。我们的方法基于可缩放的模拟模型，该模型整合了地壳缩短和地表过程之间的相互作用，包括侵蚀，水传输，沉积，重力不稳定性和基准面变化。一个挑战是通过主要的海平面振荡和盐岩沉积来模拟墨西尼盐度危机（MSC）的影响。通过使用现实的边界条件，改编的模拟材料以及用于生理学设置的可靠的一阶参数，我们成功地再现了自墨西尼时代以来所观察到的构造构造域以及河流-三角洲沉积系统，侵蚀面和逆冲断层之间随时间变化的几何关系。我们的研究结果突出了（1）MSC海平面振荡在超快建造，破坏和重新沉积从上坡到深海平原的风扇和三角洲方面所发挥的关键作用；（2）形成了一个大的平行于海岸线的弹出结构，并伴随着逐渐的应变从陆上的反冲向中坡和边缘脚趾向相反的正向推力迁移；（3）初始楔形和应变分布的侧向变化对于确定构造反转过程中背margin盆地的非圆柱几何形状和背grad盆地发育的重要性。