The nanoscale combination of a conductive carbon and a carbon‐based material with abundant heteroatoms for battery electrodes is a method to overcome the limitation that the latter has high affinity to alkali metal ions but low electronic conductivity. The synthetic protocol and the individual ratios and structures are important aspects influencing the properties of such multifunctional compounds. Their interplay is, herein, investigated by infiltration of a porous ZnO‐templated carbon (ZTC) with nitrogen‐rich carbon obtained by condensation of hexaazatriphenylene‐hexacarbonitrile (HAT‐CN) at 550–1000 °C. The density of lithiophilic sites can be controlled by HAT‐CN content and condensation temperature. Lithium storage properties are significantly improved in comparison with those of the individual compounds and their physical mixtures. Depending on the uniformity of the formed composite, loading ratio and condensation temperature have different influence. Most stable operation at high capacity per used monomer is achieved with a slowly dried composite with an HAT‐CN:ZTC mass ratio of 4:1, condensed at 550 °C, providing more than 400 mAh g⁻¹ discharge capacity at 0.1 A g⁻¹ and a capacity retention of 72% after 100 cycles of operation at 0.5 A g⁻¹ due to the homogeneity of the composite and high content of lithiophilic sites.

中文翻译：

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了解实验条件下基于全碳复合材料优化锂离子电容器阳极的结构-性能关系

导电碳和具有大量杂原子的碳基材料用于电池电极的纳米级组合是一种克服局限性的方法，后者具有对碱金属离子的高亲和力但电子导电率低的局限性。合成方案以及各个比例和结构是影响此类多功能化合物性能的重要方面。本文通过在550-1000°C下通过六氮杂三苯并六碳腈（HAT-CN）缩合获得的富氮碳渗透多孔ZnO模板碳（ZTC）来研究它们的相互作用。亲硫性位点的密度可通过HAT-CN含量和缩合温度控制。与单个化合物及其物理混合物相比，锂的存储性能得到了显着改善。取决于所形成的复合物的均匀性，负载率和缩合温度具有不同的影响。通过HAT-CN：ZTC质量比为4：1的缓慢干燥的复合材料在550°C的条件下冷凝，可在每使用的单体高容量下实现最稳定的运行，提供超过400 mAh g由于复合材料的均质性和高亲硫性位点，在0.1 A g ^-1下的-1放电容量和在0.5 A g ^-1下运行100个循环后的容量保持率为72％。