Both nitrophenol wastewater and aromatic amine industrial waste residue are serious threats to our environment. In this paper, N-rich porous carbons (NPC) derived from industrial aromatic amine waste residue were prepared via a facile “carbonization-activation” one-step approach. Owing to the extremely high activation efficiency of amine residue-NaOH matching strategy, NPC prepared with 1.5 of NaOH-residue ratio obtained an ultra-high specific surface area of 3120 m²/g with a huge pore volume of 2.381 cm³/g. XPS analysis shows that graphitic-N and pyridinic-N are the main N-doped species. The plentiful pore structure, ultra-high surface area, and modification of nitrogen-doped sites rendered the NPCs remarkable adsorption capacity (1030.51 mg/g) for p-nitrophenol (PNP). Adsorption isotherms and adsorption kinetics indicated the adsorption behavior of PNP molecules on NPCs surface adhered to the mechanism of monolayer adsorption and pseudo-second-order kinetic. DFT calculation studies revealed that N-doped species could effectively enhance the adsorption energy of PNP on carbon surface due to the enhanced dispersion and electrostatic attraction. Particularly, the pyridinic-N made an outstanding contribution to improve the interactions through hydrogen bonding. Furthermore, the NPC-1.5 showed an excellent adsorption stability for PNP in the reusability test of 12 cycles, reflecting its great potential in practical application.

硝基苯酚废水和芳香胺工业废渣均对我们的环境构成严重威胁。本文通过一种简便的“碳化活化”一步法制备了来自工业芳香胺废渣的富氮多孔碳（NPC）。由于胺残基-NaOH匹配策略具有极高的活化效率，以NaOH残基比为1.5制备的NPC的超高比表面积为3120 m ² / g，孔体积为2.381 cm ³/G。XPS分析表明，石墨N和吡啶N是主要的N掺杂物种。丰富的孔结构，超高的表面积以及氮掺杂位点的修饰使NPC对对硝基苯酚（PNP）的吸附能力达到了1030.51 mg / g。吸附等温线和吸附动力学表明，PNP分子在NPC表面的吸附行为遵循单层吸附机理和拟二级动力学。DFT计算研究表明，由于增强了分散性和静电吸引，N掺杂物质可有效增强PNP在碳表面的吸附能。特别地，吡啶二氮在通过氢键键合改善相互作用方面做出了杰出贡献。此外，NPC-1。