The current pilot study investigated if interference control can be improved by a three-week at-home training comprising a flanker and a n-back task in healthy adults, thus exploring the training's suitability for future clinical application, i.e. as a treatment augmentation for psychological disorders. As training gains are assumed to be modulated by the amount of mismatch between task demands and brain resources, an adaptive and a non-adaptive training were contrasted in separate experiments. In the adaptive training, task difficulty was continuously adapted to participants' performance. In the non-adaptive training procedure, task difficulty remained stable on the lowest difficulty level. As deficits in interference control in psychological disorders often predominantly manifest on the electrophysiological level, the impact of the training procedures on medio-frontal negativities (N2, CRN, ERN) was investigated in addition to behavioral measures. The adaptive training led to significant improvements in interference control, as reflected in reduced response times and error rates in incompatible trials. This was accompanied by specific and complementary changes in medio-frontal negativities: After the adaptive training the N2 in incompatible trials was larger and the CRN in incompatible trials was reduced. The non-adaptive training procedure led to generally faster response times but also an increased error rate, indicating a speed-accuracy trade-off. This was accompanied by global changes to medio-frontal negativities irrespective of compatibility, possibly indicating task disengagement. Taken together, the current studies demonstrate that an adaptive training procedure can improve interference control thereby opening up possible clinical applications.

目前的试点研究调查了干扰控制是否可以通过为期三周的家庭训练来改善，包括健康成人的侧翼和 n-back 任务，从而探索训练对未来临床应用的适用性，即作为心理治疗的增强障碍。由于假设训练收益受任务需求和大脑资源之间的不匹配量的调节，因此在单独的实验中对自适应和非自适应训练进行了对比。在适应性训练中，任务难度不断适应参与者的表现。在非自适应训练过程中，任务难度在最低难度水平上保持稳定。由于心理障碍中干扰控制的缺陷通常主要表现在电生理水平上，除了行为测量外，还研究了训练程序对中额叶负性（N2、CRN、ERN）的影响。自适应训练显着改善了干扰控制，这反映在不兼容试验中响应时间和错误率的减少。这伴随着中额叶负性的特定和互补变化：在适应性训练后，不相容试验中的 N2 更大，不相容试验中的 CRN 减少。非自适应训练程序通常会导致更快的响应时间，但也会导致错误率增加，这表明需要权衡速度和准确性。无论兼容性如何，这都伴随着中额叶消极性的全局变化，可能表明任务脱离。综合起来，