Blockchain technologies and distributed ledgers enable the design and implementation of trustable data logging systems that can be used by multiple parties to produce a non-repudiable database. The case of Internet of Vehicles may greatly benefit of such a possibility to track the chain of responsibility in case of accidents or damages due to bad or omitted maintenance, improving the safety of circulation and helping granting a correct handling of related legal issues. However, there are privacy issues that have to be considered, as tracked information potentially include data about private persons (position, personal habits), commercially relevant information (state of the fleet of a company, freight movement and related planning, logistic strategies), or even more critical knowledge (e.g., considering vehicles belonging to police, public authorities, governments or officers in sensible positions). In the European Union, all this information is covered by the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).

In this paper we propose a reference model for a system that manages relevant information to show how blockchain can support GDPR compliant solutions for Internet of Vehicles, taking as a reference an integrated scenario based on Italy, and analyze a subset of its use cases to show its viability with reference to privacy issues.

区块链技术和分布式分类帐可以设计和实现可信赖的数据记录系统，供多方使用以生成不可否认的数据库。车辆联网的情况可能会大大受益于这样一种可能性，即在由于不良或遗漏的维护而导致事故或损坏的情况下跟踪责任链，从而提高了流通的安全性并有助于正确处理相关的法律问题。但是，必须考虑隐私问题，因为跟踪的信息可能包括有关个人的数据（职位，个人习惯），与商业相关的信息（公司车队的状况，货运和相关计划，物流策略），甚至更重要的知识（例如，考虑属于警察的车辆，公共部门，政府或明智的官员）。在欧盟中，所有这些信息都已包含在《通用数据保护条例》（GDPR）中。

在本文中，我们提出了一个用于管理相关信息的系统的参考模型，以显示区块链如何支持基于GDPR的车联网解决方案，并以基于意大利的综合场景为参考，并分析其用例的一个子集以显示关于隐私问题的可行性。